Abstract: The present invention provides a new and improved method and apparatus for tapping molten metal through the tap hole of a metallurgical vessel. The apparatus utilizes a ladle or a BOF furnace or other metallurgical vessel used for the containment of molten metal. At least one extension drive mechanism is attached to the support structure to position the distal end of a lance within the vessel a predetermined distance above the surface of its contents. The lance is connected to an inert gas source such as Argon. Once the lance is properly positioned, the inert gas is directed onto the surface of the molten metal to prevent the slag from entering the tap hole. An alignment drive can also be attached to the support structure to adjust the position of the extension drive relative to the vessel so that the lance may be properly positioned within the vessel above the tap hole.

Abstract: A process for producing stainless steel whereby unrefined molten iron is partially refined by blowing oxygen therethrough to slag the phosphorus; removing the slag therefrom; adding chromium-bearing material to the metal and blowing with oxygen shielded with a protective jacket fluid to melt the chromium-bearing material; thereafter continuing the blow to refine the chromium-containing metal; and finally adding slag reducing agents and blowing with inert gas to reduce chromium from the slag, and remove dissolved gases from the metal.

Abstract: Nose-skulls which normally form in the nose section of steelmaking vessels such as the bottom-blown oxygen steelmaking vessel, are prevented from forming, or are removed after forming, by injecting oxygen into the vessel nose section to oxidize either the carbon monoxide gases formed by the steelmaking reaction, or a combustible fluid injected simultaneously with the oxygen, or bath.