Abstract: It is provided a method for controlling access to an access object. The method is performed in an electronic key device and comprises the steps of: communicating with an access control device to obtain an identity of the access control device; sending an access request to a server, the access request comprising an identity of the electronic key device and the identity of the access control device; receiving a response from the server, the response comprising a key delegation to the electronic key device; and sending a grant access request to the access control device, the grant access request comprising the key delegation, to allow the access control device to evaluate whether to grant access to the access object based on a plurality of delegations comprising a sequence of delegations.

Abstract: It is presented a method for determining whether a user with a credential should be granted access to a physical space. The method is performed in an access control device and comprising the steps of: identifying the credential presented to the access control device; obtaining a set of at least one assignment of a permission, associated with the physical space, to external organisations from a database; determining a credential organisation being associated with the credential; and granting access when, and only when, the permission is assigned to the credential organisation.

Abstract: Embodiments include systems and methods including a computer network for making electronic payments between monetary accounts issued by different issuers, comprising a plurality of user issuers, each of the user issuers operable to provide one or more user accounts, a plurality of issued user accounts, each one of the plurality of issued user accounts issued by one of the user issuers, and each one of the plurality of issued user accounts communicatively coupled though a communication channel to the user issuer that issued the given issued user account, and at least one settlement issuer, the settlement issuer communicatively coupled to one or more of the plurality of user issuers.