Abstract: A pulse width modulation system comprises an analog component and a digital component. The analog component operates to separate a local oscillator signal with different phase shifts and introduce an offset (i.e., a time delay) to analog signals being receive at an input with a tuning operation that fine tunes in the analog signals in the analog (continuous time) domain. The analog component comprises a plurality of analog delay lines that respectively process carrier signals having a different phase shifts. Digital delay lines convert the analog signals to digital square waves with the same time delay and at the same resolution as the analog output signal.

Abstract: A pulse width modulation (PWM) system comprises an analog component and a digital component. The analog component introduces an offset (i.e., a time delay) to analog signals being received at an input with a tuning operation that fine tunes in the analog signals in the analog (continuous time) domain. The analog component comprises an analog delay line comprising a plurality of analog delay components configured to introduce the time delay to the analog signals based on a model of a transmission line.

Abstract: A pulse width modulation (PWM) system comprises an analog component and a digital component. The analog component introduces an offset (i.e., a time delay) to analog signals being received at an input with a tuning operation that fine tunes in the analog signals in the analog (continuous time) domain. The analog component comprises an analog delay line comprising a plurality of analog delay components configured to introduce the time delay to the analog signals based on a model of a transmission line.

Abstract: A pulse width modulation system comprises an analog component and a digital component. The analog component operates to separate a local oscillator signal with different phase shifts and introduce an offset (i.e., a time delay) to analog signals being receive at an input with a tuning operation that fine tunes in the analog signals in the analog (continuous time) domain. The analog component comprises a plurality of analog delay lines that respectively process carrier signals having a different phase shifts. Digital delay lines convert the analog signals to digital square waves with the same time delay and at the same resolution as the analog output signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a low-complexity transmitter architecture that drives phase modulators with digital signals to generate a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal that is transmitted by an antenna. In some embodiments, the system has a pre-processing element that generates first and second digital control signals from a digital baseband signal. A first phase modulation component introduces a first phase shift into a first local oscillator signal based upon the first control signal and generates a first digital signal corresponding to the first phase shift. A second phase modulation component introduces a second phase shift into the first local oscillator signal based upon the second control signal and generates a second digital signal corresponding to the second phase shift. A combination element is configured to combine the first and second digital output signals to generate an RF pulse width modulated (RF-PWM) signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a low-complexity transmitter architecture that drives phase modulators with digital signals to generate a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal that is transmitted by an antenna. In some embodiments, the system has a pre-processing element that generates first and second digital control signals from a digital baseband signal. A first phase modulation component introduces a first phase shift into a first local oscillator signal based upon the first control signal and generates a first digital signal corresponding to the first phase shift. A second phase modulation component introduces a second phase shift into the first local oscillator signal based upon the second control signal and generates a second digital signal corresponding to the second phase shift. A combination element is configured to combine the first and second digital output signals to generate an RF pulse width modulated (RF-PWM) signal.

Abstract: A device includes a semiconductor material having a first main surface, an opposite surface opposite to the first main surface and a side surface extending from the first main surface to the opposite surface. The device further includes a first electrical contact element arranged on the first main surface of the semiconductor material and a glass material. The glass material includes a second main surface wherein the glass material contacts the side surface of the semiconductor material and wherein the first main surface of the semiconductor material and the second main surface of the glass material are arranged in a common plane.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method of producing a multi-level RF signal includes producing plurality of pulse-width modulated signals based on an input signal. The method further includes driving a corresponding plurality of parallel amplifiers with the plurality of pulse-width modulated signals by setting a parallel amplifier to have a first output impedance when a corresponding pulse-width modulated signal is in an active state and setting the parallel amplifier to have a second output impedance when the corresponding pulse-width is in an inactive state. The method also includes phase shifting the outputs of the plurality of parallel amplifiers, wherein phase shifting transforms the second output impedance into a third impedance that is higher than the second output impedance, and combining the phase shifted outputs.

Abstract: A device includes a semiconductor material having a first main surface, an opposite surface opposite to the first main surface and a side surface extending from the first main surface to the opposite surface. The device further includes a first electrical contact element arranged on the first main surface of the semiconductor material and a glass material. The glass material includes a second main surface wherein the glass material contacts the side surface of the semiconductor material and wherein the first main surface of the semiconductor material and the second main surface of the glass material are arranged in a common plane.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method of producing a multi-level RF signal includes producing plurality of pulse-width modulated signals based on an input signal. The method further includes driving a corresponding plurality of parallel amplifiers with the plurality of pulse-width modulated signals by setting a parallel amplifier to have a first output impedance when a corresponding pulse-width modulated signal is in an active state and setting the parallel amplifier to have a second output impedance when the corresponding pulse-width is in an inactive state. The method also includes phase shifting the outputs of the plurality of parallel amplifiers, wherein phase shifting transforms the second output impedance into a third impedance that is higher than the second output impedance, and combining the phase shifted outputs.

Abstract: A subscriber circuit has several SLIC circuits (2, 3, 4, 5) combined in one multiple SLIC. The high-energy components of each SLIC circuit (2, 3, 4, 5) are realized as individual components (30, 31, 36, 37) in standard form. In order to remove non-linearities, the individual components (30, 31, 36, 37) are fed back via the respectively allocated SLIC circuit.

Abstract: A circuit configuration for line adaptation and echo suppression includes a balance filter which is triggered by transmission signals and supplies output signals that are linked through a subtractor to a reception signal. An impedance adaptation filter is triggered by the reception signal and supplies an output signal that is linked through an adder to the transmission signal. An analog/digital converter converts analog reception signals into digital reception signals. A digital/analog converter converts digital transmission signals into analog transmission signals. The impedance adaptation filter processes digital signals and the balance filter processes analog signals.

Abstract: Direct voltage and alternating voltage signals are decoupled from a first and a second pair of leads. The pairs of leads each carry an alternating voltage signal and they are subject to a direct voltage between them. A capacitive connection of the leads with the inputs of a signal receiving device allows decoupling of the alternative voltage signal. For decoupling one pole of the direct voltage signal, diodes are provided that are connected to the leads of the respective pair of leads. The diodes are each connected via a respective current source transistor to one terminal for the pole of the direct voltage. The control terminals of the current source transistors are controlled by the center tap of a voltage divider connected between the diodes. The embodiment for direct voltage decoupling is readily integratable.

Abstract: In a method and configuration for forming a line termination at two line terminals of a telephone line, alternating signals are separated from direct signals applied to line terminals, referred to a reference variable and added to a transmission signal from a transmission terminal to form a resultant actual-value signal. The resultant actual-value signal is compared with a reference signal at a gain-controlled amplifier. The reference signal is formed with an impedance transmission function corresponding to a given termination impedance by weighting the alternating signal at one of the line terminals being connected to a current sensor resistor. A current between the line terminals is determined with a control transistor associated with the current sensor resistor. The control transistor is controlled with the gain-controlled amplifier.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter with a voltage output includes means for applying a reference voltage, a resistance and switch network for converting a digital input code into an analog output current, an inverting operational amplifier connected to the network and negatively fed back by a feedback resistance and a reference current source formed by the reference voltage and a resistance determining the reference current, the reference current source being connected to the resistance and switch network for feeding the network.

Abstract: Circuit for generating a temperature-independent reference voltage includes transistors forming current sources, and a band gap circuit having bipolar transistors and being supplied by the current sources, the ratio of the emitter currents of the bipolar transistors being adjustable. The current sources may further include a first current source and a second current source parallel with the first current source.

Abstract: A bipolar current source includes a supply voltage source, a first current reflector connected to the supply voltage source and having transistors of one conduction type including input and output transistor configurations, and a second current reflector connected in series with the first current reflector, connected to the supply voltage source and having transistors of the other conduction type including input and output transistor configurations, the output transistor configurations being able to be switched off.