Abstract: A method for producing liquid pig iron (1), includes reducing iron-oxide-containing feed materials (2) to form a partially reduced first iron product (3) in a first reduction system (4), introducing the partially reduced first iron product (3), a first oxygen-containing gas (9, 9a), and a first carbon carrier (10) into a melter gasifier (11), introducing a second gaseous and/or liquid carbon carrier (13) and a second oxygen-containing gas (9b) into a mixing region (18) within the melter gasifier (11) above the fixed bed of the melter gasifier, mixing the second gaseous and/or liquid carbon carrier (13) with the second oxygen-containing gas (9b) in the mixing region (18), wherein the combustion air ratio is set in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, preferably between 0.3 and 0.

Abstract: A heat storage system using sand as a solid heat storage medium has a fluidized bed heat exchanger (3) arranged between and separated from a storage tank (1) for cold sand and a storage tank (2) for hot sand by weirs (4, 5). The heat exchanger (3) is divided into a plurality of chambers (7) by weirs (6). The weirs (4, 5, 6) are arranged as a combination of overflow and underflow weirs. Fluidized sand is produced in the chambers (7) by a blower (14) positioned underneath the heat exchanger (3). Heat is transferred from a heat source to the sand fluidized and from the fluidized sand to a heat transport medium by transferring mechanisms (8, 9) in the chambers (7). The sand is redirected in a horizontal direction by horizontally acting blowers and/or installations (12) projecting into a respective chamber from a side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat storage system using sand as a solid heat storage medium, characterized in that it comprises the following components: a storage tank (1) for cold sand; a storage tank (2) for hot sand; a fluidized bed heat exchanger (3) arranged therebetween, which is separated from the storage tanks (1, 2) by weirs (4, 5) and divided into a plurality of chambers (7) by weirs (6), wherein the weirs (4, 5, 6) are arranged as a combination of overflow and underflow weirs; wherein means (8) for transferring heat from a heat source to the sand fluidized therein as well as means (9) for transferring heat from the sand fluidized therein to a heat transport medium are provided in the chambers (7) of the heat exchanger (3); and at least one blower (14) positioned underneath the heat exchanger (3) for fluidizing the sand.