Abstract: In the process for the preparation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, which has a good compatibility with fluorine and stability to hydrolysis and causes the minimum possible after-thickening when used in toothpastes, by reaction of calcium carbonate suspended in water with an aqueous solution of orthophosphoric acid, precipitation of dimagnesium phosphate trihydrate, as a stabilizer, by reaction of aqueous solutions of a magnesium salt and of orthophosphoric acid in the presence of a basic compound and subsequent addition of tetrasodium pyrophosphate to the reaction mixture as a further stabilizer and final filtration, drying and grinding of the precipitate, 0.2 to 0.6% by weight of tetrasodium pyrophosphate, calculated with respect to the dicalcium phosphate dihydrate precipitated in the reaction mixture, is added to the aqueous reaction mixture.

Abstract: In the process for the preparation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, which has a good compatibility with fluorine and stability to hydrolysis and causes the minimum possible after-thickening when used in tooth-pastes, by reaction of calcium carbonate suspended in water with an aqueous solution of orthophosphoric acid, precipitation of dimagnesium phosphate trihydrate, as a stabilizer, by reaction of aqueous solutions of a magnesium salt and of orthophosphoric acid in the presence of a basic compound and final filtration, drying and grinding of the precipitate, 0.2 to 0.8% by weight of polyphosphoric acid, calculated with respect to the dicalcium phosphate dihydrate precipitated in the reaction mixture, is added to the reaction mixture as a further stabilizer.

Abstract: A detergent containing 5 to 50% by weight of at least one surfactant, 0.5 to 60% by weight of a matrix substance and also standard laundry aids, contains as matrix substance an amorphous, low-water sodium disilicate having a water content of 0.3 to 6% by weight which has preferably been produced by partial dehydration of commercially available powdered amorphous sodium disilicate having a water content of 15 to 23% by weight.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a mixture of sucrose oxidation products which contains a salt of sucrosetricarboxylic acid and which is obtained by reaction of sucrose with oxygen in an aqueous medium in the presence of a platinum metal/active carbon catalyst at elevated temperatures and neutralization of the reaction product to convert into the salt form, which comprises the reaction being carried out discontinuously, the starting materials being heated stepwise over the course of several hours from room temperature up to 60.degree. to 95.degree. C. and then the reaction product being isolated where appropriate.The oxidation products obtained in this way have, in particular, improved washing properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a washing agent with a storage-stabilized bleach system and 2 to 20% by weight of detergents and conventional washing auxiliaries, including fillers, the washing agent containing 10 to 50% by weight of a crystalline layered silicate as a builder as well as 1 to 5% by weight of tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) and a bleach, the quantity of bleach being such that 0.5 to 4% by weight of washing-active oxygen (AVOX) is present in the washing agent.

Abstract: A dishwashing agent consists of a crystalline, largely water-insoluble sodium layer silicate having a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 /Na.sub.2 O of (1.9 to 3.5):1 in combination with a proton donor, a 0.5% strength by weight aqueous solution of the dishwashing agent having a pH of less than 10. The dishwashing agent can furthermore contain a surfactant, an active chlorine or active oxygen carrier, a dispersing agent, an alkali metal phosphate or an alkali metal polyphosphate and a filler.

Abstract: For the preparation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate stabilized with dimagnesium phosphate trihydrate and sodium pyrophosphate, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate is introduced into a reactor and recirculated by pumping through a high-speed mixer at 3,500 to 8,000 rpm which is in flow connection with the lower and upper portion of the reactor. Into the mixer an amount of phosphoric acid is introduced which is at least sufficient for the quantitative formation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and then an oxygen-containing magnesium compound is introduced into the reactor. Finally, lime milk is metered into the reactor up to a maximum pH of 6.9, before the sodium pyrophosphate is added to the reactor. The resulting suspension which has a stabilized dicalcium phosphate dihydrate content of 20 to 33% by weight is spray-dried.

Abstract: Tooth pastes contain a cleaning agent consisting of dicalcium phosphate-dihydrate. The cleaning agent has an adsorptive power of more than 60 g H.sub.2 /100 g. Disclosed is the cleaning agent and a process for making it.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a particulate agent based on free-flowing, pulverulent ammonium polyphosphate of the general formulaH.sub.(n-M)+2 (NH.sub.4).sub.m P.sub.n O.sub.3n+1in which n stands for a whole number with an average value of about 20 to 800 and the ratio of m/n is about 1. The agent reduces the ignitability of combustible substances and constists of(a) about 80 to 99.5 mass % ammonium polyphosphate and(b) about 0.5 to 20 mass % hardened epoxide resin having an epoxide equivalent weight of about 170 to about 220, the epoxide resin enveloping the individual ammonium polyphosphate particles.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a storable polyol pre-mixture for making flame-retardant polyurethane foam plastics consisting of a mixture of a polyester polyol or polyether polyol and an ammonium polyphosphate as a flame-retardant agent. The pre-mixture contains more particularly an ammonium polyphosphate which corresponds to the general formula (I)H.sub.(n-m)+2 (NH.sub.4).sub.m P.sub.n O.sub.3n+1 (I)in which n stands for an integral average value of 100 to 1000, m stands for a whole number of up to n+2 and m/n stands for a value of about 1, has an acid number of 0.01 to about 5 mg KOH/g, contains 0.01 to 0.5 mass % water and 0.5 to about 15 mass % water-soluble fractions in water at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a particulate agent based on free-flowing pulverulent ammonium polyphosphates of the general formulaH.sub.(n-m)+2 (NH.sub.4).sub.m P.sub.n O.sub.3n+1in which n is an integer having an average value of from approximately 20 to 800 and the ratio of m to n is approximately 1, for impeding the combustibility of combustible materials. The agent is comprised of(a) approximately 75 to 99% by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, and(b) approximately 1 to 25% by weight of a hardened water-insoluble polycondensation product of melamine and formaldehyde encasing the individual ammonium polyphosphate particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a particulate agent based on a free-flowing pulverulent ammonium polyphosphate for impeding the combustibility of combustible substances, the agent containing(a) about 75 to 99.9 weight % of ammonium polyphosphate and(b) about 0.1 to 25 weight % of a hardened, water-insoluble phenol resin (phenol/formaldehyde-resin) enveloping the individual ammonium polyphosphate particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to stabilized, pulverulent red phosphorus, consisting of phosphorus particles having a particle size of at most about 2 mm, and an oxidation stabilizer which envelops the phosphorus particles in the form of a thin layer, wherein(a) the oxidation stabilizer is a combination of aluminum hydroxide and a hardened epoxide resin system having an epoxide equivalent weight of about 170 to 500,(b) the total amount of the oxidation stabilizer is 0.1-5% by weight, based on the amount of red phosphorus, and(c) the proportion of aluminum hydroxide is about 0.01 to 3% by weight, and the proportion of epoxide resin is about 0.09 to 4.99% by weight, in each case based on the amount of the red phosphorous.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for making striking surfaces wherein red phosphorus, abrasive agents, and binders which are in the form of aqueous urea/formaldehyde or melamine/formaldehyde-condensates, are made into an aqueous suspension which is applied on to a striking surface substrate. More particularly, the suspension, based on the solid matter content of the condensates used as binder, is admixed with 5 to 20 weight %, calculated as solid matter, of an agent cross-linking the amine resin, the cross-linking agent being a polyester or copolymer produced by subjecting an acryl and/or methacryl ester to copolymerization with vinyl acetate in a ratio by weight of 1:9 to 9:1. A pH-value within the range 6.5 to 8.0 is established in the mixture, in the event of the cross-linking agent being a copolymer, or a pH-value within the range 7 to 11 is established, in the event of the cross-linking agent being a polyester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a long chain ammonium polyphosphate and its use as an effective additive in lubricants and/or coolants for metal working under extremely high pressures and temperatures. The polyphosphate chain preferably contains 50 to 1000 phosphorus atoms. Up to 20% of the ammonium groups are replaceable by hydrogen. The additive is preferably added to the lubricant/coolant in a proportion of 0.1 to 30 weight %.

Abstract: A process inhibiting the coalescence of flowable phosphorus pentachloride in a closed container. To this end, the invention provides for a readily volatizable organic liquid boiling within the range about 20.degree. to 200.degree. C. and being inert with respect to phosphorus pentachloride to be admitted to the container prior to, during or after the introduction of phosphorus pentachloride thereinto, and for the container to be then hermetically sealed, the liquid being used in a proportion of about 1 to 15 weight %, based on the quantity of phosphorus pentachloride.

Abstract: The invention provides stabilized pulverulent red phosphorus comprising a homogeneous blend of red phosphorus particles with a size of at most about 2 mm, aluminum hydroxide and a further metal hydroxide as oxidation stabilizers, wherein the metal hydroxide is lead hydroxide. The homogeneous blend contains aluminum hydroxide and lead hydroxide in a total proportion of about 0.1 to 6 weight %, based on the quantity of red phosphorus, the aluminum hydroxide and lead hydroxide, calculated as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 to PbO, being used in a quantitative ratio of about 0.5 to 2.0.

Abstract: Self-extinguishing laminates are made by an improved process, wherein individual layers of a carrier material are impregnated with a thermosetting phenolic resin containing a flame-retardant agent and the impregnated layers are placed one above another and bonded together by compressing them at elevated temperature and under elevated pressure to give a hardened laminate. More specifically, finely pulverulent phosphorus pentanitride as a flame-retarding agent is dispersed in the plasticized or non-plasticized thermosetting phenolic resin, with or without a diluent; the phenolic resin, based on its solid matter content, and the phosphorus pentanitride being used in an approximate ratio by weight of 100:4 to 100:15; and the phenolic resin, based on its solid matter content, and the carrier being used in an approximate ratio by weight of 100:80 to 100:150.

Abstract: Intumescent flame-retardant coating composition consisting substantially of a film-forming agent, an ammonium polyphosphate, one or more substances which are carbonizable under the action of heat, a dispersant, and optionally a filler. The coating composition additionally contains an ammonium polyphosphate activator weighing 0.5 to 50% of the weight of ammonium polyphosphate. The activator is constituted by at least one salt which contains water of crystallization which is liberated upon the composition being heated to about 35.degree. C.

Abstract: Production of stabilized pulverulent red phosphorus. The phosphorus so stabilized comprises a homogeneous blend of red phosphorus particles with a size of at most about 2 mm and a metal compound of the second or third group of the Periodic System as an oxidation stabilizer, wherein the metal compound is the aluminum, calcium or zinc salt of a phosphinic acid of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each stand for an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the metal compound being present in the homogeneous blend in a proportion of about 0.5 to 5 weight %.