Abstract: The apparatus includes a pouring ladle with a sealable bottom opening and a distributing channel arranged beneath the ladle for the purpose of storing molten metal. The distributing channel is provided with at least two bottom openings that are openable and closable in a controlled manner. A separate tub-shaped basin is arranged beneath each bottom opening of the distributing channel and at least one mold is detachably connected to a bottom portion of each of the tub-shaped basins.

Abstract: A mold for horizontal continuous casting of steel to form large-format slab cross sections, particularly flat products, includes a water-cooled metal casing forming the mold cavity for a slab and a brake ring for the melt feed which is supported at the mold on the pour-in side and connects the mold with a melt supply vessel (distributor) via a connecting casting tube. In order to provide an inexpensive and particularly stable mold, the mold is closed on the pour-in side by a metal plate along a part of the free cross-sectional area of the mold cavity. The plate has one or more openings for receiving a break ring. An end plate which overlaps the metal plate is arranged in front of the metal plate in surface contact with the metal plate. The end plate is provided with openings which coincide with the openings in the metal plate with respect to position and number. Ducts for guiding cooling water are incorporated in the end plate.

Abstract: A horizontal multiple-strand continuous casting plant and a method of operating the plant. The casting plant includes a distributor with several molds and a corresponding strand drawing unit which conveys the individual strands out of the molds by means of pulling movements and return pushing movements, wherein the strands can be individually clamped within the strand drawing unit. The strand drawing unit includes two clamping devices which alternatingly carry out the pulling movements and the return pushing movements. In the event of an interruption in one of the molds, the method includes connecting in a frictionally engaging manner the strand located in the affected mold to one of the two clamping devices of the strand drawing unit by actuating the corresponding clamping device only during at least one return pushing movement, and disconnecting from this strand the second clamping unit during the pulling movement thereof.

Abstract: A continuous casting plant for the horizontal casting of steel in several strands includes a casting ladle with two discharge openings provided in the bottom of the casting ladle. Each discharge opening is provided with a closure device. Each discharge opening has at least one tundish channel provided with at least one outlet opening. A mold fixedly attachable to the tundish channel is arranged in axial alignment with each outlet opening. Each tundish channel is mounted with the corresponding mold or molds on a tundish car. The tundish cars are movable underneath the casting ladle horizontally and transversely of the casting direction on a track formed by rails between a preparation position and a casting position. Between the preparation position and the casting position, the rails have rail sections which are displaceable from the rail travel direction. The length of the rail sections is such that the rail sections can receive one of the tundish cars.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a spray chamber having a transport device for positioning a billet adjacent a nozzle for spraying a stream of molten metal onto the surface of the billet. The billet is engaged by a tandem arrangement of holding devices which are attached to driven ring gears. With the holding devices engaging the billet rotation of the ring gears rotates the billet about its longitudinal axis as the billet is sprayed with molten metal from the nozzle. As the billet is rotated it is also moved longitudinally by servo-cylinders attached to the ring gears. The servo-cylinders advance and retract in sequence as the ring gears rotate to generate combined longitudinal and rotational movement of the billet adjacent the nozzle. Thus a uniform layer of metal is deposited over length of the billet to form a round billet exclusively by spray-casting.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for forming axially symmetrical bodies from molten metal droplets, where the droplets solidify to form the body on a rotating base, with the base moved in an extraction direction away from a spray plane of the metal droplets. The base is moved, the movement of the base and/or the quantitative flow of the metal droplets is controlled by a controller that communicates with a transmitter-receiver, preferably optical, that determines the position of the spray plane.

Abstract: A horizontal continuous casting apparatus for metals, particularly steel, having a supply container in the metal outlet opening of which there is arranged a nozzle brick against which a separation ring rests in sealing manner, and having a continuous casting mold which is connected to the supply container and rests with the edge sides of its side walls in sealing manner against the separation ring. A reliable changing of the passage cross-section of the mold before, during and after the casting is possible in a structurally simple manner. The passage cross-section (A) of the continuous casting mold (30) is adjusted and displacement elements (40) are provided by means of which the position of the side walls (31 to 34) of the continuous casting mold (30) is adjusted. At least one side wall (31 to 34) is moveable parallel and transverse to the center line I of the outlet opening 11.

Abstract: A casting is extracted from a horizontal mold by means of extraction cycles with a shallow speed rise followed by a steep one, followed by a constant speed phase, followed by a rapid slowdown, and brief reversal. The casting is held by brackets which operate from above and below with separate bracket drives but parallel axes of action.

Abstract: For multiple strand casting in the horizontal, a distributor vessel and several molds connected thereto, are arranged on a carriage being movable in direction of multiple parallel casting lines, and a plurality of stationary mounts are provided to be connected to bar-like lateral extensions of the molds by means of hydraulically operated plungers.

Abstract: An electrode assembly for a furnace having a refractory lining. The electrode assembly has a conductive casing which houses a replacement body. The casing is sheathed by a conical refractory component with the broad end of the component disposed at the exterior of the furnace and the narrow end adjacent the head of the electrode. The replacement body of the electrode has a central bore, a chamber at the head of the electrode, an annular slit defined between the replacement body, and an outlet through which a cooling fluid is circulated by a suction pump connected to the electrode through the outlet. The electrode head is arranged in the refractory lining of the furnace to provide a space for the deposit of solidified molten melt which forms a protective layer over the electrode head.