Abstract: A separator plate for an electrochemical system, an electrolyzer, a bipolar plate comprising such a separator plate, an electrolyzer comprising such a separator plate, and to tooling for producing such a separator plate. The separator plate comprising a flow area having a plurality of integrally formed support structures. An outer contour of the support structures in each case comprises: a first circular arc-shaped portion and a second circular arc-shaped portion, wherein a circular arc center point of the first circular arc-shaped portion and a circular arc center point of the second circular arc-shaped portion are arranged at a distance from each other on a longitudinal axis of the respective sup-port structure, and a joining portion which joins together the first circular arc-shaped portion and the second circular arc-shaped portion, wherein a width of the joining portion is smaller than a diameter of the first and/or second circular arc-shaped portion.

Abstract: Automatic switching between clock sources in synchronous networks is accomplished using Synchronous Status Message transmitted over the network and a control circuit positioned between SASE (Stand Alone Synchronization Equipment) and a network element (SDH-NE, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Network Element).

Abstract: A method for making a thermoplastically processable polymer by emulsion polymerizing at least 80 percent by weight of methyl methacrylate monomer with up to 20 percent by weight of at least one other monomer in an aqueous phase at a temperature from 0.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of a polymerization initiator and a chain transfer agent in a molar ratio from 1:2 to 1:100,000, said chain transfer agent being from 0.01 to 5 percent by weight of said monomers, and then separating said polymer and said aqueous phase.

Abstract: Data storage disks containing optically readable information made from a copolymer having low water absorption and good optical and mechanical properties, said copolymer being at least ternary and comprising(A) methyl methacrylate, and further comonomers selected from at least two of the groups(B) ##STR1## where R' is hydrogen or methyl and R" is hydrogen or alkyl, and (C) ##STR2## where R'" is aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon, and (D) styrene and/or alpha-methyl styrene.

Abstract: Copolymers exhibiting low water absorption and having good optical and mechanical properties, suitable for use in making data storage disks containing optically readable information, said copolymer being at least ternary and comprising(A) methyl methacrylate, and further comonomers selected from at least two of the groups(B) ##STR1## where R' is hydrogen or methyl and R" is hydrogen or alkyl, and (C) ##STR2## where R'" is aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon, and (D) styrene and/or alpha-methyl styrene.

Abstract: Homopolymers of para-methylstyrene and copolymers thereof with monomers such as methyl methacrylate, which polymers exhibit very low water absorption in combination with good optical and mechanical properties and are useful for making optically readable data storage disks.

Abstract: A method for isolating a vinyl salt compound in solid form from an aqueous solution thereof by spray drying such an aqueous salt solution.

Abstract: What are disclosed are a continuous emulsion polymerization method for making an aqueous dispersion of an impact resistant resin, adaptable to use as a component of impact resistant polymethacrylate forming masses, by first emulsion polymerizing a first monomer component onto core particles of a seed latex until a degree of polymerization of said monomers from 80 to 95 percent is attained, whereby an intermediate product comprising said core particles covered with a rubbery polymer phase is obtained, and then emulsion polymerizing a second monomer component onto the particles of said intermediate product to form a shell of harder polymer on the particles of said intermediate product, and impact resistant resin products made by this method.

Abstract: A method for making impact resistant molding compositions wherein a hard phase having a glass transition temperature above 25.degree. C. and consisting principally of methyl methacrylate is polymerized at least partially in a first stage, following which the monomers of a rubbery phase whose polymers have a glass transition temperature below 25.degree. C. are added in a second stage and the polymerization is carried to completion, polymerization of the hard phase in the first stage being performed in a presence of an oil soluble free radical initiator and of an organosulfur chain transfer agent having at least two thiol groups in the molecule, and polymerization of the monomers of the rubbery phase in the second stage being carried out with graft crosslinkers in the presence of the previously formed hard phase.

Abstract: Methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride and similar quaternized aminoalkyl esters or aminoalkylamides of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid are purified by extraction of an aqueous solution thereof with dichloromethane to remove impurities, such as allyl methacrylamide, which may be formed by a Hofmann degradation of the compounds.

Abstract: What are disclosed are a method for making non-blocking soft polymer beads by applying an adherent polymer deposit on the beads, said deposited polymer having a glass transition temperature at least 10.degree. C. higher than the glass transition temperature of the soft polymer beads, which latter temperature is below 70.degree. C., and non-blocking soft polymer beads made by this method.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a method for making a water soluble polymer of low molecular weight which forms aqueous solutions of low viscosity, which method comprises polymerizing an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated water soluble monomer or a mixture of such monomers in a concentrated aqueous solution of said monomer or mixture in the presence of a free radical forming initiator and of formic acid or a water soluble salt thereof as a chain transfer agent.

Abstract: What is disclosed are methods and apparatus for coating a hollow synthetic resin tube with a pre-formed film coating by applying the film coating to an exterior surface of such a tube directly after extrusion, while the resin thereof is thermoplastic, and then passing them through a shaping channel while maintaining a modest pressure differential between the interior and exterior of the tube, whereby the film coating and tube are adhered by the compression thereof against the walls of the shaping channel.

Abstract: What is disclosed are copolymers predominantly containing acrylonitrile and having a very low residual monomer content, for example of less than 100 ppm, the method of making such copolymers by polymerization to at least 60 percent conversion followed by post-heating at a temperature of more than 130.degree. C., and the use of such copolymers in orthopedic devices which come into direct contact with the skin.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a method for the quaternization of tertiary aminoalkyl esters or tertiary aminoalkyl amides of acrylic acid or of methacrylic acid in admixture with from 30 to 80 percent, by weight of the mixture, of acrylamide employing an alkylating agent in the absence of water to form, in high yield and in short reaction time, a mixture containing the corresponding quaternization products in the form of a fluid mixture which can be used directly for the preparation of copolymers of acrylamide.

Abstract: What is disclosed are methods for making polymer-in-oil solutions, useful for improving the viscosity-temperature relationship and low-temperature properties of lubricating oils when added thereto, which methods comprise polymerizing a methacrylic acid ester of an alcohol having 8 to 18 carbon atoms onto a polyolefin polymer of an olefinic hydrocarbon monomer having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in an oil solution of the polyolefin and ester monomers, then adding further polyolefin polymer to the solution and finally graft copolymerizing a polymerizable heterocyclic compound having a basic nitrogen atom in the ring thereof onto the resulting mixed polymers as backbone polymers or, in the alternative, separately graft copolymerizing a polymerizable heterocyclic compound having a basic nitrogen atom in the ring thereof onto a first backbone polymer which is itself a graft copolymer, in an oil solution, of a methacrylic acid ester of an alcohol having 8 to 18 carbon atoms on a polyolefin polymer of an olefinic hydrocarbon

Abstract: What is disclosed is a method for the partial polymerization of at least one vinyl monomer to form a mixture of said monomer with a polymer thereof, which comprises initiating polymerization of said monomer with a percarbonic acid ester and inhibiting further polymerization when the desired mixture is formed by addition thereto of a thioether, an organic disulfide, or a mercaptan, as are the partially-polymerized mixtures so produced, and their use for forming an organic glass by further polymerization thereof.

Abstract: What is disclosed is the method for making an N-substituted acrylamide or an N-substituted methacrylamide which comprises reacting an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or of methacrylic acid with an aliphatic amine or with an aromatic amine at a temperature between 50.degree. C. and 180.degree. C. in the presence of a catalytic amount of a dialkyl tin oxide.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making a polymer-in-oil solution, useful for improving the viscosity-temperature relationship and low-temperature properties of lubricating oils when added thereto, which method comprises a first step of polymerizing a methacrylic acid ester of an alcohol having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in a solution, in a lubricating oil, of a polyolefin polymer of an olefinic hydrocarbon monomer having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the oil solution of said polyolefin having a viscosity of less than 15,000 centistokes at 100.degree. C., and then, in a second step, adding further polyolefin polymer of the type defined herein until the total polymer content in the oil solution is from 20 percent to 55 percent by weight of said solution and said methacrylate ester comprises from 50 percent to 80 percent of said polymer content.