Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a multi-functional composition including activated carbon that is useful for injection into aqueous mediums such as soil or groundwater for sequestration of contaminants in a contaminated plume. The composition of activated carbon may include physical and chemical properties to enhance mechanism of contaminant physisorption and chemisorption including enhanced adsorption kinetics through manipulation of particle surface area, enhanced capacity and selectivity through controlled pore size distribution and enhanced electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions with contaminants. The multi-functional composition may further include a positively-charged nitrogen-functionalized organic compound and/or moieties that improve the activated carbon's ability to sequester contaminants in a subsurface environment.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material that has been loaded with at least one ionic organic species or hydroxide species and at least one metal or alkaline earth metal. The ionic organic species or hydroxide species is at least one selected from the group consisting-of: fatty acids, surfactants, organic carboxyl species, organic sulfonate species, organic hydroxyl species, organic phenolic species, organic lactone species, organic amine species, or hydroxide species.

Abstract: A method for removing perchlorate or other anionic contaminates from ground water which comprises the step of passing the ground water over activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon has been either preloaded with an organic cation functional group or organic cation polymer or cationic monomer, or tailored with ammonium or other reduced nitrogen-containing compound.