Patents by Inventor Fred Hawkridge

Fred Hawkridge has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • NON-BIOFOULING, UNIVERSAL REDOX ELECTRODE AND MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
    Publication number: 20090134043
    Abstract: A universal reduction-oxidation (redox) electrode allows for the temporal measurement of the redox potential of a variety of biological or environmental fluids or tissues, and assists in the diagnosis of matters related to health and disease. The electrode is made from gold which is derivatized with an electron transport promoter, such as 4-pyridinethiol and bis(4-pyridyl)disulfide. The electrode can be used to measure the redox potential of complex mediums without biofouling.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 13, 2006
    Publication date: May 28, 2009
    Inventors: Kevin Ward, Fred Hawkridge, Sean Brahim, Kelvin L. Lewis, Melissa C. Rhoten
  • Tissue interrogation spectroscopy
    Patent number: 7113814
    Abstract: In an emergency medicine patient, accurate measurement of change or lack thereof from non-shock, non-ischemic, non-inflammation, non-tissue injury, non-immune dysfunction conditions is important and is provided, as practical, real-time approaches for accurately characterizing a patient's condition, using Raman (3) and/or fluorescence (30) spectroscopy with a high degree of accuracy. Measurement times are on the order of seconds. High-accuracy measurement is achieved with Raman spectroscopy interrogation of tissue. Simultaneous interrogation by NADH fluorescence spectroscopy may he used. Measurements may be non-invasive to minimally invasive. Preclinical (ultra-early) states of shock can be detected (5), severity can be determined, effectiveness of various treatments can be determined.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 13, 2001
    Date of Patent: September 26, 2006
    Assignee: Virginia Commonwealth University
    Inventors: Kevin R. Ward, R. Wayne Barbee, James Terner, Rao R. Ivatury, Fred Hawkridge
  • Use of ultraviolet, near-ultraviolet and near infrared resonance raman spec-troscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy fro tissue interrogation of shock states, critical illnesses, and other disease states
    Publication number: 20040039269
    Abstract: In an emergency medicine patient, accurate measurement of change or lack thereof from non-shock, non-ischemic, non-inflammation, non-tissue injury, non-immune dysfunction conditions is important and is provided, as practical, real-time approaches for accurately characterizing a patient's condition, using Raman (3) and/or fluorescence (30) spectroscopy with a high degree of accuracy. Measurement times are on the order of seconds. High-accuracy measurement is achieved with Raman spectroscopy interrogation of tissue. Simultaneous interrogation by NADH fluorescence spectroscopy may he used. Measurements may be non-invasive to minimally invasive. Preclinical (ultra-early) states of shock can be detected (5), severity can be determined, effectiveness of various treatments can be determined.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 29, 2003
    Publication date: February 26, 2004
    Inventors: Kevin R. Ward, R. Wayne Barbee, James Terner, Rao R Ivatury, Fred Hawkridge