Abstract: Apelin receptor modulators can improve physical performance, slow progression of age-related frailty, and can reduce age-related muscle weakness in human patients. This disclosure provides methods for treating muscle conditions using a particular class of apelin receptor modulators (e.g., agonists). The muscle condition can be an age-related muscle condition. Also provided is a method for maintaining and/or increasing muscle mass, muscle function, and/or muscle strength in an elderly subject by administration of the apelin receptor modulator. In some embodiments, the apelin receptor modulator (e.g., agonist) is BGE-105, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for reducing amyloid beta formation and for treating diseases associated with IC the accumulation of amyloid beta, The present invention provides (1) A ? aggregation inhibition by A ? Oligomer/Fibril formation inhibition, (2) BACE-1 reduced a through ?-Amyloidogenic Processing inhibition, (3) cerebral blood flow to the increase of the cell outer A? Monomer, Oligomer & A? Fibril/Plaque reduction, (4) NO/cGMP/PKG/CREB Pathway to the activation of Neuronal cell Death inhibition and Neurogenesis, Synaptogenesis, Angiogenesis promotion, (5) DKK-1 inhibition by Wnt Signaling in the activation of synaptic plasticity recovery and A? production Positive Feedback Loop for inhibition of APP generates reduced and A? accumulation suppression, (6) Autophagy activation by cells within Toxic Mirodenafil, Sildenafil, Vardenafil, Tadalafil, Udenafil, Dasantafil, and Avanafil for the treatment of inhibition of A? Fibril/Plaque formation through removal of Soluble A? Oligomer; and a Pha