Abstract: A method of manufacturing a molded optical channel waveguide, having a critical internal reflection angle and an exposed surface, and affixing a holographic layer, having gratings formed therein, in overlying relationship with the exposed surface of the optical waveguide. The gratings are positioned to form an angle with the surfaces of the holographic layer such that light rays incident on an upper surface of the holographic layer and substantially normal thereto are diffracted by the gratings into the optical waveguide. Also, light waves travelling within the waveguide emanate outwardly through the holographic layer. Light generators and detectors are mounted to supply light to and receive light from the holographic layer.

Abstract: A waveguide virtual image display including image generation apparatus providing a real image at an inlet of an optical waveguide. The real image being reflected a plurality of times within the optical waveguide by diffractive optical elements that magnify and filter the real image and produce a virtual image at a viewing aperture. The display is mounted on an eyeglasses frame for hands-free viewing.

Abstract: An optical interconnect system facilitates the simultaneous bi-directional transfer of data between facing integrated circuits. The laser simultaneously emits two oppositely directed continuous beams of light. Holographic elements placed in the paths of the beams of light split each into multiple light beams, creating independent optical communication channels. Reflective modulators are positioned on integrated circuits in the path of each communication channel to selectively reflect the respective light beams. The light beams are modulated in response to data input to the reflective modulators from the integrated circuits. Opto-electronic receivers are positioned on the integrated circuits in the path of the light beams reflected by the reflective modulators. Holographic elements focus each reflected light beams onto an opto-electronic receiver. Data is extracted from the light beams by the opto-electronic receivers and output to the integrated circuits.

Abstract: A system for dynamically steering a light beam alters the path of a light beam using refraction. The light beam passes through multiple layers of optically transparent elastic material. Electrodes are attached to the bottom and top surfaces of the optically transparent layers. Voltages applied to the electrodes cause the optically transparent layers to deform. This deformation causes a change in the angle at which the light beam intercepts the surfaces of the optically transparent layers. The light beam is refracted based upon the angle of intercept and the index of refraction of the optically transparent layers. The direction of travel of the light beam can thus be controlled by varying the voltages across the electrodes.

Abstract: An optical interconnect structure allows the transfer of data within a single integrated circuit as well as the interconnection of multiple integrated circuits. Opto-electronic transmitters and receivers which are fabricated under optimized conditions are coupled to planar optical waveguides. The planar optical waveguides incorporate holographic elements which direct optical emissions from the opto-electronic transmitters into the planar optical waveguide. Other holographic elements incorporated into the planar optical waveguides diffract these optical emissions out of the planar optical waveguide toward the opto-electronic receivers. The entire structure is fabricated and tested separately from the integrated circuits to be interconnected. The interconnect structure is then coupled to the integrated circuits by means of controlled collapse chip connection, or solder bump, technology.

Abstract: A semiconductor die, either an optical emitter or detector, is attached to an end of an optical fiber. Electrical connections on the semiconductor die are electrically coupled to a circuit board of a module. The electrical coupling is maintained by a removable cover that holds the connections on the semiconductor die in contact with the circuit board. The cover, along with the optical fiber and semiconductor die, can be removed from the module and reattached without effecting the optical coupling between the semiconductor die and the optical fiber.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for providing an optical waveguide that is placed in the same plane as the electrodes, thereby creating a more efficient electro optic interaction that requires less voltage to induce the desired effects on the waveguide. In addition, a superstrate is used to cover the waveguide having an index of refraction slightly less than the index of refraction of the waveguide which reduces the scattering loss inherent in the waveguide.

Abstract: An optical channel waveguide is manufactured by forming an optical isolation pedestal or ridge on a substrate and coating the substrate and pedestal with an optical channel layer. The optical channel waveguide is that portion of the optical channel layer which overlies the pedestal. Cladding layers may be added overlying the optical channel film or the cladding function may be performed by air. The disclosed process requires no high temperature diffusion steps and is thus suitable for manufacturing optical channel waveguides integrated on a semiconductor substrate with semiconductor devices. In addition, the entire process for manufacturing the optical channel waveguide may be carried out during a single pumpdown of a vacuum system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for providing a more efficient OPFET photodetector capable of handling a higher rate of data. The increased efficiency is provided by edge coupling an optical detector to a light source through an optical waveguide. A MESFET optical detector may be used with a Zinc Oxide channel waveguide.