Abstract: A process for treating a fused refractory product including more than 10% by mass of ZrO2, or “base product.” The process includes heating at least a portion of the surface of the product, so as to melt ZrO2 crystals in a superficial region extending to a depth of less than 2000 ?m. The process includes cooling the molten superficial region obtained in the preceding step so as to obtain a protective layer.

Abstract: A process for treating a fused refractory product including more than 10% by mass of ZrO2, or “base product.” The process includes heating at least a portion of the surface of the product, so as to melt ZrO2 crystals in a superficial region extending to a depth of less than 2000 ?m. The process includes cooling the molten superficial region obtained in the preceding step so as to obtain a protective layer.

Abstract: Process for catalytic conversion in the presence of hydrogen with regeneration of the catalyst that comprises a stage for reduction of said catalyst by the hydrogen that is obtained from the catalytic conversion stage, whereby this hydrogen is purified in advance of impurities that it contains by running it over adsorbent masses, whereby said adsorbent masses are regenerated by an increase in temperature that is provided by the effluent from the reduction stage of the catalyst. Application to the processes for regenerative reforming or dehydrogenation of paraffins and naphthenes and most generally to any moving-bed process that operates in the presence of hydrogen.

Abstract: A chemical conversion reactor contains a substantially vertical catalytic bed between an upper end and a lower end and comprises, in combination: close to its upper end, at least one means for introducing a solid catalyst, means for introducing and evacuating said feed allowing its flow in a substantially horizontal direction through the catalytic bed, means for heating said feed integrated into said reactor, said reactor comprising, close to its lower end, at least one means for extraction of the catalyst, which extraction is differentiated between an upstream portion and a downstream portion of said catalytic bed, with respect to the direction of flow of said feed.

Abstract: A reactor with integrated heat for carrying out a chemical conversion process in the presence of a gaseous diluent supplied through one or more ports at the upper and/or lower ends of a catalytic bed through which a feed moves substantially horizontally, and a process for converting a feed, such as a hydrocarbon feed in the reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of aromatic compounds from a hydrocarbon fraction with a catalyst that preferably circulates in a moving bed, a process that comprises at least the following successive stages that take place in at least one zone: treatment of the fraction in the presence of hydrogen and implementing at least one reaction for dehydrogenation of naphthenes; separation of the gas effluent that contains hydrogen, the liquid product and the catalyst; regeneration of the catalyst; reduction of the catalyst; and reintroduction of the catalyst for the treatment stage; recycling in the treatment stage of at least a portion of the gas effluent that contains the hydrogen that is called recycling gas; process in which the reduction stage is carried out in the presence of recycling gas that is introduced in an amount such that the amount of pure hydrogen that is provided is between 1-10 kg/kg of catalyst, whereby the effluent that is obtained from the reduction is then separated from

Abstract: An elongate reaction vessel and process includes at least two stages in the vertical direction in which an endothermic or exothermic catalytic reaction is carried out and comprises: a catalytic reaction zone (12a, 12b) per stage (6, 7); introducing (2) a reaction fluid to a stage adapted for transverse motion of the fluid across the whole vertical extent of the reaction zone; introducing and extracting the catalyst; a heat exchanger (5a) for reaction fluids located inside the vessel between two successive reaction zones; means (6) for transporting reaction fluids from one stage to another preferably connected to the exchanger of the stage under consideration and to the inlet for reaction fluids of the subsequent stage; and means for recovering reaction fluids downstream of the last stage. The temperature variation in each zone and the temperature level are respectively adjusted by the thickness of each zone and by heat exchange.

Abstract: Method for processing hydrocarbons comprising at least two processing chambers and means for separating the liquid and gaseous fractions contained in the polyphasic mixture produced in the first processing chamber, said mixture coming from a zone (700) where a batch of liquid hydrocarbons, a gaseous batch and solid particles come into contact, said method comprising separation of liquid and gaseous phases located in the chamber. Equipment comprising: a) At least a first chamber comprising means inside said chamber for separating gaseous and liquid fractions coming from said zone, b) means for conveying said liquid fraction toward a second chamber, c) a second chamber comprising a second contact zone and means of introducing, into said zone, a gaseous batch and a liquid batch comprising at least a portion of the liquid fraction coming from the first chamber.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for converting hydrocarbons using at least one globally endothermic chemical reaction, in which a hydrocarbon feed successively traverses at least two reaction zones each containing at least one solid catalyst and comprising between said reaction zones an intermediate step, in a non catalytic zone, for reheating the stream (ST) from the first of the two reaction zones prior to its introduction into said second reaction zone, and in which said reheating is carried out in a heat exchanger, with heat transfer essentially by convection using a thermal fluid TF with a coking sensitivity index CS that is less than that of the stream ST, the difference in temperature ?T between the temperature of the fluid TF at the inlet to the exchanger and the temperature of the stream ST at the heat exchanger outlet being less than 250° C. The invention also concerns the use of said process for converting hydrocarbons and a unit for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A moving bed process for producing aromatic compounds comprises at least a first step in which principally naphthene dehydrogenation is carried out in the presence of hydrogen in a mole ratio (H2)1/(HC), said step being followed by at least one subsequent step carried out at a mole ratio (H2)2/(HC)2, the process also comprising reducing the catalyst with hydrogen in a ratio (H2)red/(HC). In accordance with the invention, (H2)1/(HC)+(H2)red/(HC)≦(H2)2/(HC)2, (HC) representing the molar quantity of feed in the first step and (HC)2 that of the subsequent step, or (H2)1/(HC)+(H2)red/(HC)>(H2)2/(HC)2, but where (H2)1/(HC) is less than (H2)2/(HC)2. Particular application to reforming.

Abstract: A reactor for chemical conversion in the presence of a gaseous diluent contains a substantially vertical catalytic bed between an upper end and a lower end and comprises, in combination: close to its upper end, at least one means for introducing a solid catalyst, means for introducing and evacuating said feed allowing its flow in a substantially horizontal manner through the catalytic bed; in the proximity of its lower end, at least one means for extracting catalyst, at least one means for heating said feed plus added diluent, said means being internal to the reactor and traversed by said feed plus added diluent in the absence of catalyst, and separating the catalytic bed into a portion upstream of and a portion downstream of said heating means relative to the direction of flow of said feed, comprising at least one means for introducing a stream of said gaseous diluent substantially in the proximity of at least one of the upper and/or lower ends of said upstream portion of the catalytic bed, to at least reduc

Abstract: A chemical conversion reactor contains a substantially vertical catalytic bed between an upper end and a lower end and comprises, in combination: close to its upper end, at least one means for introducing a solid catalyst, means for introducing and evacuating said feed allowing its flow in a substantially horizontal direction through the catalytic bed, means for heating said feed integrated into said reactor, said reactor comprising, close to its lower end, at least one means for extraction of the catalyst, which extraction is differentiated between an upstream portion and a downstream portion of said catalytic bed, with respect to the direction of flow of said feed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of aromatic compounds from a hydrocarbon fraction with a catalyst the preferably circulates in a moving bed. In the process, a hydrocarbon feedstock that is treated by a hydrogen-rich gas is transformed. In a particular embodiment, regenerative reforming is conducted, such as for production of BTX (butene, toluene, xylenes) with continuous regeneration of the catalyst. The invention also pertains to the related device for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A moving bed process for producing aromatic compounds comprises at least a first step in which principally naphthene dehydrogenation is carried out in the presence of hydrogen in a mole ratio (H2)1/(HC), said step being followed by at least one subsequent step carried out at a mole ratio (H2)2/(HC)2, the process also comprising reducing the catalyst with hydrogen in a ratio (H2)red/(HC). In accordance with the invention, (H2)1/(HC)+(H2)red/(HC)≦(H2)2/(HC)2, (HC) representing the molar quantity of feed in the first step and (HC)2 that of the subsequent step, or (H2)1/(HC)+(H2)red/(HC)>(H2)2/HC2, but where (H2)1/(HC) is less than (H2)2/(HC)2. Particular application to reforming.

Abstract: Process for catalytic conversion in the presence of hydrogen with regeneration of the catalyst that comprises a stage for reduction of said catalyst by the hydrogen that is obtained from the catalytic conversion stage, whereby this hydrogen is purified in advance of impurities that it contains by running it over adsorbent masses, whereby said adsorbent masses are regenerated by an increase in temperature that is provided by the effluent from the reduction stage of the catalyst. Application to the processes for regenerative reforming or dehydrogenation of paraffins and naphthenes and most generally to any moving-bed process that operates in the presence of hydrogen.

Abstract: An elongate reaction vessel includes at least two stages in the vertical direction in which an endothermic or exothermic catalytic reaction is carried out and comprises:

Abstract: Device (DME) or panel for collecting, distributing, mixing or drawing off several fluids, at least one main fluid and at least two secondary fluids, that comprises at least: means for collecting a main fluid (3, 9), at least two injection and/or draw-off rails (6, 7) that allow the passage of secondary fluids, at least two mixing chambers (11, 11b) that communicate with injection and/or draw-off rails (6, 7) with orifices or passages (6i, 7i), means (12, 4) for redistributing the fluid that is obtained from said mixing chambers, means (5a, 5b) for separating collecting and redistributing means and draw-off rails (6, 7) are arranged one above the other, and mixing chambers (11a, 11b) are arranged on both sides of the rails and symmetrically relative to the orifices that have an injection function.

Abstract: A vessel for regenerating a catalyst for reforming or for aromatic compound production comprising a support, at least one noble metal and chlorine, the catalyst being in the form of a moving bed, said vessel comprising at least one combustion zone (A) provided with at least one conduit (9) for introducing oxygen gas and at least one conduit (5) for evacuating gasses from the combustion step, at least one oxychlorination zone (B) and at least one calcining zone (C) provided with at least one conduit (18) for introducing an oxygen-containing gas, said vessel also comprising at least one conduit (1) for introducing catalyst into the vessel, at least one conduit (3) for introducing catalyst from the combustion zone into the following oxychlorination zone (B), and at least one conduit (21) for evacuating gases from the oxychlorination zone comprising at least one means (20) for introducing least one chlorinating agent and at least one means (19) for introducing water and at least one means (17) for introducing an

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for converting hydrocarbons using at least one globally endothermic chemical reaction, in which a hydrocarbon feed successively traverses at least two reaction zones each containing at least one solid catalyst and comprising between said reaction zones an intermediate step, in a non catalytic zone, for reheating the stream (ST) from the first of the two reaction zones prior to its introduction into said second reaction zone, and in which said reheating is carried out in a heat exchanger, with heat transfer essentially by convection using a thermal fluid TF with a coking sensitivity index CS that is less than that of the stream ST, the difference in temperature &Dgr;T between the temperature of the fluid TF at the inlet to the exchanger and the temperature of the stream ST at the heat exchanger outlet being less than 250° C. The invention also concerns the use of said process for converting hydrocarbons and a unit for carrying out the process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of aromatic compounds from a hydrocarbon fraction with a catalyst the preferably circulates in a moving bed. In the process, a hydrocarbon feedstock that is treated by a hydrogen-rich gas is transformed. In a particular embodiment, regenerative reforming is conducted, such as for production of BTX (butene, toluene, xylenes) with continuous regeneration of the catalyst. The invention also pertains to the related device for carrying out the process.