Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for roasting coffee beans comprising the steps of a) heating the coffee beans by a heating rate between 20° C./minute and 40° C./minute until the temperature of the coffee beans is between 160° C. and 220° C., and b) heating the coffee beans by a heating rate between 1° C./min and 10° C./minute, said heating steps being performed in the same roasting chamber.

Abstract: A process of preparing a capsule comprising a ground coffee ingredient, the process comprising the steps of: (a) cooling a coffee ingredient to a temperature of ?50° C. to 10° C.; (b) grinding the coffee ingredient, optionally wherein the coffee ingredient is cooled during grinding; (c) filling the coffee ingredient into a first capsule element, optionally wherein the coffee ingredient is cooled during filling; (d) hermetically sealing the first capsule element with a second capsule element, optionally wherein the coffee ingredient is cooled during sealing.

Abstract: A capsule element for a capsule comprising a ground coffee ingredient, wherein the capsule element (21) comprises a rim (26) for sealing engagement with a second capsule element, at least one sidewall (22), and a bottom wall (23), wherein the at least one side wall (22) and the bottom wall (23) define an interior chamber (24) having an opening (25), the opening spanning a plane (P), wherein further the rim (26) extends outwards from the sidewall (22) and surrounds the opening (25), the rim being bent into the direction of the bottom wall (23), the rim and the plane (P) of the opening forming an angle (A) of at least about 10°. The invention also relates to a capsule comprising the capsule element and a membrane hermetically sealed thereon.