Abstract: A non-ventilator ET tube cap used to oxygenate a patient during an intubation procedure. The ET tube cap generally comprises an oxygen source connector configured to connect to an oxygen source via an oxygen tube. This provides oxygen to a patient via an ET tube while being intubated. The ET tube cap further includes an ET tube receiving aperture that is specifically arranged to engage an ET tube in a removable relationship prior to the ET tube connected to a ventilator while the ET tube is deployed in a patient. Optionally, the ET tube cap can comprise a pressure relief valve that opens when pressure inside of the ET tube cap exceeds a predetermined pressure threshold to prevent harm to the patient that is being intubated.

Abstract: A non-ventilator ET tube cap used to oxygenate a patient during an intubation procedure. The ET tube cap generally comprises an oxygen source connector configured to connect to an oxygen source via an oxygen tube. This provides oxygen to a patient via an ET tube while being intubated. The ET tube cap further includes an ET tube receiving aperture that is specifically arranged to engage an ET tube in a removable relationship prior to the ET tube connected to a ventilator while the ET tube is deployed in a patient. Optionally, the ET tube cap can comprise at least two pressure relief valves that open when pressure inside of the ET tube cap exceeds a predetermined pressure threshold to prevent harm to the patient that is being intubated.

Abstract: A non-ventilator ET tube cap used to oxygenate a patient during an intubation procedure. The ET tube cap generally comprises an oxygen source connector configured to connect to an oxygen source via an oxygen tube. This provides oxygen to a patient via an ET tube while being intubated. The ET tube cap further includes an ET tube receiving aperture that is specifically arranged to engage an ET tube in a removable relationship prior to the ET tube connected to a ventilator while the ET tube is deployed in a patient. Optionally, the ET tube cap can comprise a pressure relief valve that opens when pressure inside of the ET tube cap exceeds a predetermined pressure threshold to prevent harm to the patient that is being intubated.

Abstract: Systems and processes for providing two-factor authentication to systems capable of implementing varying levels of access control are disclosed. The system may include an authentication and access control system that selectively grants access to a secured system or network. The authentication and access control system implements a two-factor authentication routine and may configure a firewall gateway to grant or deny access to the secured system or network based on the results of the two-factor authentication. A user may connect to the authentication and access control system via a VPN. By separating the user from the secured system or network, the authentication and access control system can provide two-factor authentication for the secured system regardless of the secured system's own cyber security capabilities.

Abstract: Bubble stability within an optical switch is enhanced by controlling the expansion or movement of a bubble from a liquid-containing trench into available adjacent spacing. Typically, the adjacent spacing is formed between an optical waveguide substrate and a heater substrate, where the heater substrate includes a microheater for forming the bubble. The bubble enhancement is provided by intentionally altering surface features along at least one of the substrates.

Abstract: Bubble stability within an optical switch is enhanced by controlling the expansion or movement of a bubble from a liquid-containing trench into available adjacent spacing. Typically, the adjacent spacing is formed between an optical waveguide substrate and a heater substrate, where the heater substrate includes a microheater for forming the bubble. The bubble enhancement is provided by intentionally altering surface features along at least one of the substrates.