Abstract: Methods of making a chiral phosphorus compound of formula (X) are disclosed: wherein R1, R2, R3 are chiral or achiral groups selected from the list consisting of substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain, branched-chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and in which the pair R1/R2 may be interconnected to form a ring.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to methods for the synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula (I) and their use as catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to methods for the synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula (I) and their use as catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral phosphorus compounds which can be readily prepared from quinoline derivatives as inexpensive starting compounds and have the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are chiral or achiral organic residues which are derived from substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic groups and which, in the case of the pairs R1/R2 and R4/R5, may be interconnected. Further, the invention relates to methods for the synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds of general formula (I) and their use as catalyst components in processes for the preparation of optically active products.

Abstract: A process for performing a catalytic Diels-Alder reaction by reacting a diene with a dienophile in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a zeolitic material exchanged or impregnated with ions of a Lewis acidic metal is described. The catalyst, for example, copper-exchanged zeolite Y, may be treated with chiral bis(imine) compounds to direct the chirality of the reaction products. The catalyst can be separated from the reaction mixture and re-used in further Diels Alder reactions.

Abstract: A zeolite-immobilized Lewis acid e.g. copper catalyst for performing carbonyl-ene and iminoene reactions is described. The catalyst can readily be separated from the reaction mixture and re-used in further reactions with minimal reduction in activity.

Abstract: A zeolite-immobilised Lewis acid e.g. copper catalyst for performing carbonyl-ene and iminoene reactions is described. The catalyst can readily be separated from the reaction mixture and re-used in further reactions with minimal reduction in activity.

Abstract: A process for the scrubbing of chlorine is scrubbed from a chlorine-containing gas using an aqueous feed liquor containing an excess of alkali to give an effluent liquor containing chloride and hypochlorite ions is disclosed. The effluent liquor is recycled as part or all of the aqueous feed liquor. For at least part of the time, at least part of the effluent liquor is passed through a fixed bed of a catalyst for the decomposition of hypochlorite ions whereby hypochlorite ions are decomposed to oxygen gas and chloride ions. The resultant catalyst-treated liquor is mixed with the remainder, if any, of the effluent liquor and recycled, optionally together with added fresh alkali solution, as the aqueous feed liquor. Part of the effluent liquor is optionally discharged as a purge stream before or after passage through catalyst bed.

Abstract: Shaped units suitable for use as a catalyst, e.g. for the decomposition of hypochlorite, comprise a compacted particulate mixture of at least one oxide of a Group VIII metal M selected from nickel and cobalt, a calcium aluminate cement, and alumina and/or magnesia, the shaped units having (after ignition in air at 900° C.) a content of a Group VIII metal oxide of 10 to 50% by weight (expressed as the divalent oxide, MO), a calcium oxide content of 1 to 10% by weight, an alumina content by weight that is at least four times the weight of calcium oxide, a total content of alumina plus magnesia of at least 40% by weight, a silica content of less than 1% by weight, and the shaped units having a pore volume in the range 0.2 to 0.

Abstract: Shaped particles suitable for use as a catalyst, or precursor thereto, particularly for the decomposition of hypohalite ions in aqueous solution, comprising a high alumina cement having an aluminium to calcium atomic ratio above 2.5 and at least one oxide of a Group VIII metal M selected from nickel and cobalt, said particles containing 10 to 70% by weight of said Group VIII metal oxide and having a porosity in the range of 30 to 60%, in which at least 10% of the pore volume is in the form of pores of size in the range 15 to 35 nm and less than 65% of the pore volume is in the form of pores of diameter greater then 35 nm are disclosed.

Abstract: Synthesis of small quantities of compounds such as methanol from reagents, especially radio-labelled reagents such as .sup.11 C oxides, in a carrier gas by a catalytic reaction using a catalyst that has been pre-conditioned for the reaction by previous use for the desired reaction and has then been passivated, or has been maintained in the pre-conditioned state, until contacted with said carrier gas. Where the product is adsorbed by the catalyst, it may be desorbed by heating or displaced by contacting the catalyst with a material, e.g. a catalyst poison that is more strongly adsorbed. Such a more strongly adsorbed material may react with the adsorbed catalytic product to produce a desired product.

Abstract: A process of continuous decomposition of oxidizable materials in aqueous media, e.g. pollutants in effluents, by catalytic reaction with an oxidant, e.g. hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, in aqueous solution using a fixed bed of a particulate catalyst of at least 1% of nickel or copper oxide, optionally plus a basic oxide, e.g. zinc oxide, on a porous support is disclosed.