Abstract: A stand-off for maintaining the separation between an electrode and an object during a flow-through electroplating process is disclosed. The stand-off comprises a substantially streamlined shape that mitigates the effects of shadowing during deposition.

Abstract: A system for recovering clean hot air from a regenerative, glass melting furnace. The furnace, which may be either a side-port or end-port furnace, is constructed in the conventional manner, but a passageway is provided which connects accross the top chambers of the furnace. This passage, at its center, is connected to a heat exchanger, and hot air will pass through the heat exchanger while the furnace is being operated with either side being the firing side while the opposite side is the exhaust side. No valving is necessary to isolate the passage from the exhaust side because of the natural pressure drop existing thereacross.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of operating a regenerative furnace to capture a greater portion of its waste heat. A substantially greater amount of air than that required for combustion is passed through the air intake side of the regenerative furnace. The non-combustion clean hot air is taken from the furnace and conducted to an auxiliary heat-utilizing apparatus mounted exteriorly of the furnace.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and apparatus for improving the preheating of pulverous materials, their introduction into melting furnaces, and their melting therein, with application to the recycling of some of the vitrifiable starting materials delivered to a tank furnace for glass making through a heat exchanger to raise its entry level temperature.