Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for determining causal models for controlling environments. One of the methods includes repeatedly selecting, by a control system for the environment, control settings for the environment based on internal parameters of the control system, wherein: at least some of the control settings for the environment are selected based on a causal model, and the internal parameters include a first set of internal parameters that define a number of previously received performance metric values that are used to generate the causal model for a particular controllable element; obtaining, for each selected control setting, a performance metric value; determining that generating the causal model for the particular controllable element would result in higher system performance; and adjusting, based on the determining, the first set of internal parameters.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for determining causal models for controlling environments. One of the methods includes identifying a procedural instance; determining a temporal extent for the procedural instance based on temporal extent parameters for the one or more entities in the procedural instance; selecting control settings for the procedural instance; monitoring environment responses to the control settings that are received for the one or more entities; determining which of the environment responses to attribute to the procedural instance in a causal model; and adjusting, based at least in part on the environment responses that are attributed to the procedural instance, the temporal extent parameters for the one or more entities.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for determining causal models for controlling environments. One of the methods includes repeatedly selecting control settings for the environment based on (i) a causal model that identifies causal relationships between possible settings for controllable elements in the environment and environment responses that reflect a performance of the control system in controlling the environment and (ii) current values of a set of internal parameters; and during the repeatedly selecting: monitoring environment responses to the selected control settings; determining, based on the environment responses, an indication that one or more properties of the environment have changed; and in response, modifying the current values of one or more of the internal parameters.

Abstract: An installation tool for installing a seal includes a shaft and a seal-engaging component coupled with the shaft. During an installation of the seal, the seal-engaging component is adapted to couple with the seal. The seal-engaging component includes a first surface and a second surface. The seal-engaging component also includes a first annular ring extending from the first surface and adapted to engage with the seal for coupling the seal with the seal-engaging component. The seal-engaging component further includes a second annular ring extending from the first surface. The installation tool also includes a sliding hammer adapted to slide along a length of the shaft. During the installation of the seal, the sliding hammer is adapted to apply a force to the seal-engaging component for installing the seal at a seal installation location.

Abstract: An installation tool for installing a seal includes a shaft and a seal-engaging component coupled with the shaft. During an installation of the seal, the seal-engaging component is adapted to couple with the seal. The seal-engaging component includes a first surface and a second surface. The seal-engaging component also includes a first annular ring extending from the first surface and adapted to engage with the seal for coupling the seal with the seal-engaging component. The seal-engaging component further includes a second annular ring extending from the first surface. The installation tool also includes a sliding hammer adapted to slide along a length of the shaft. During the installation of the seal, the sliding hammer is adapted to apply a force to the seal-engaging component for installing the seal at a seal installation location.

Abstract: A power supply may include multiple converters connected in parallel. The power supply may detect a signal that indicates how much power a device uses. Based on the signal, a converter controller may determine which of the multiple converters to activate or deactivate to supply enough power to meet the power load of the device and to operate the highest efficiency possible. The amount of power output from the power supply may be the sum of the power output by each of the converters that is activated. The power supply may use the multiple converters to operate at high efficiency throughout a wide range of power load levels. Such a power supply may achieve a haystack (i.e., near flat) power efficiency curve throughout a large part of its operating range.

Abstract: A patient interface is configured to deliver pressurized breathable gas to a patient's airways and includes a flexible cushion forming at least a portion of a plenum chamber. A pair of flexible receptacles are integrally formed with the flexible cushion and are formed on opposite lateral sides of the flexible cushion. Each flexible receptacle includes an inner wall that forms an opening configured to receive an air delivery tube and an outer wall that is radially offset from the inner wall. The outer wall extends laterally beyond the inner wall on a posterior side of the flexible receptacle and does not extend laterally beyond the inner wall on an anterior side of the flexible receptacle. The patient interface further includes a gas washout vent, a support structure that is attached to and is more rigid than the flexible cushion, and a pair of headgear connectors located on opposing lateral sides of the support structure.

Abstract: A respiratory mask for use with a patient, and that is suited for use with children, includes a flexible cushion arranged to interface with and deliver air to the patient's nose. The cushion has a tube connection portion at one or both sides adjacent the patient's nares, the tube connection portion being arranged to connect to an air delivery tube. This location, plus the very low profile of the mask, allows a patient (e.g. an infant) to sleep on their face more comfortably. A more rigid support structure adjacent the cushion is provided to stabilize the cushion and prevent it from collapsing. Headgear is also provided and arranged for releasable attachment to the support structure.

Abstract: An integrated testing device and method are disclosed. The device includes an integral reservoir for a test fluid, and an actuator, so that the test fluid can be dispensed to facilitate the test.

Abstract: An apparatus for delivering a flow of breathable gas to a patient for the treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) that is less obtrusive includes a nasal cannula, cannulae (2a, 2b), prongs, or pillows and may be sealed or unsealed with the nares of the patient in use. The cannula, pillows or prongs may be positioned on the face of the patient by a headgear (6). The cannula, pillows or prongs may be smaller, lighter, and/or less visible than other nasal cannula, cannulae, pillows or prongs and may therefore be less obtrusive to the patient.

Abstract: An apparatus for delivering a flow of breathable gas to a patient for the treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) that is less obtrusive includes a nasal cannula, cannulae (2a, 2b), prongs, or pillows and may be sealed or unsealed with the nares of the patient in use. The cannula, pillows or prongs may be positioned on the face of the patient by a headgear (6). The cannula, pillows or prongs may be smaller, lighter, and/or less visible than other nasal cannula, cannulae, pillows or prongs and may therefore be less obtrusive to the patient.

Abstract: A respiratory mask for use with a patient, and that is suited for use with children, includes a flexible cushion arranged to interface with and deliver air to the patient's nose. The cushion has a tube connection portion at one or both sides adjacent the patient's nares, the tube connection portion being arranged to connect to an air delivery tube. This location, plus the very low profile of the mask, allows a patient (e.g. an infant) to sleep on their face more comfortably. A more rigid support structure adjacent the cushion is provided to stabilize the cushion and prevent it from collapsing. Headgear is also provided and arranged for releasable attachment to the support structure.

Abstract: An integrated testing device and method are disclosed. The device includes an integral reservoir for a test fluid, and an actuator, so that the test fluid can be dispensed to facilitate the test.

Abstract: An integrated testing device and method are disclosed. The device includes an integral reservoir for a test fluid, and an actuator, so that the test fluid can be dispensed to facilitate the test.

Abstract: A flexible hinge type baffle panel for bottom ash hopper water seal trough protection is made up of several baffle plates arranged vertically and horizontally with each other, forming several baffle columns which are positioned next to each other to cover a water seal trough in a coal burning power plant from damage due to impact from clinker debris. In each of the baffle columns, a several hinge interfaces hingedly connects the baffle plates to each other in series, allowing the columns to be raised or folded into themselves to facilitate inspection and maintenance.

Abstract: A system and a method for automatically electronically pushing software updates to one or more mobile computers to ensure that the one or more mobile computers can have the most recent version of the software needed, and electronically pushing information to be displayed on a display of the mobile computer to ensure that the one or more mobile computers notify a user of an existence of the information.