Abstract: A bistable electronically controlled pneumatically powered transducer for use, for example, as a valve mechanism actuator in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The transducer has an armature including a piston which is coupled to an engine valve, for example. The piston is powered by a pneumatic source and includes asymmetric pneumatic damping. Air damping may be differentially controlled to provide dissimilar damping at the two extremes of piston motion. The armature is held in each of its extreme positions by pneumatic pressure under the control of control valves which are in turn held in their closed positions by pressurized air latching arrangements and are released therefrom to supply air to the piston to be pneumatically driven to the other extreme position by an electromagnetic solenoid or by an electromagnetic repulsion arrangement. The control valves may be spring loaded toward their open positions.

Abstract: A bistable electronically controlled fluid powered valve actuator for use in an internal combustion engine of the type having engine intake and exhaust valves has a piston reciprocative in a cylinder housing for driving the engine valves to open and close. Control valves are mounted separately from the piston for reciprocative movement in the housing and are used to direct pneumatic pressure to drive the piston. The control valves are magnetically latched in closed positions with magnet force and released after a temporary electromagnetic weakening of the magnetic field. Upon release, the valves are opened pneumatically and closed pneumatically.

Abstract: A bistable electronically controlled pneumatically powered transducer for use, for example, as a valve mechanism actuator in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The transducer has an armature including a piston which is coupled to an engine valve, for example. The piston is powered by a pneumatic source and includes pneumatic damping with a one-way return of air compressed beyond source pressure back to the air source as it nears its destination position. Air supplied to power the piston may be differentially controlled to compensate for asymmetric resistance to movement and the air damping may be differentially controlled to provide dissimilar damping at the two extremes of piston motion.

Abstract: A novel internal combustion cycle and internal combustion engine operating thereon. Expansion of the hot combustion gases is controllably achieved in a primary combustion/expansion chamber and a secondary expansion chamber in a manner to reduce engine exhaust pressures to essentially atmospheric or below. The chambers are defined by two members movable with respect to each other within an engine block volume. Porting and fluid flow control is accomplished through the motion of the moving members. Embodiments include the use of a suction chamber which achieves subatmospheric exhaust pressures and which, in conjunction with a pressure-pumping chamber, achieves a "push-pull" effect on the fluid in the engine. Unique porting of the fuel/air mixture is provided and it includes, if desired, means to vary the fuel/air ratio during the cycle. The engine of this invention exhibits performance characteristics associated with the usual four-stroke cycle engines.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine utilizes a first outer oscillating piston connected to the engine housing by means of a pivot bearing and a second inner piston connected to the first piston by means of a pivot bearing connection. The inner piston is rotatably connected through an eccentric shaft to a main power shaft. Rotation of the eccentric shaft causes the inner piston to oscillate relative to the outer piston and also causes the outer piston to oscillate relative to the engine housing. Each of the oscillating pistons defines two opposed chambers of complementary and variable volumes; and fluid porting means, responsive to the motions of the pistons, are provided to control the flow of fluid among the chambers to attain a dual expansion of the combustion gases. The result is an internal combustion engine which is efficient, quiet, cool running and less subject to wear than presently used engines.

Abstract: A stabilizer or drogue, packageable in a minimal volume, which can be auttically deployed to dampen horizontal, vertical and rotational motion of a device, such as a hydrophone, operating in a relatively viscous fluid. The stabilizer is disposed on a line or cable connected between the device and a surface float, and includes a horizontally oriented fabric fin extended and supported by a plurality of rigid arms, and a plurality of vertically oriented perpendicular fabric fins connected to, extended and supported by the arms and by a rigid vertical tube slidably disposed on the line. The arms are adjacently pivotably connected to a rigid body loaded by the device. Before deployment, the fabric is wrapped around the tube, and the arms are in a raised position substantially adjacent and parallel to the line and the tube, all stowed within a cylindrical container having an open end. The closed end of the container is fixedly connected to the line.

Abstract: A novel internal combustion cycle and internal combustion engine operating thereon. Expansion of the hot combustion gases is controllably achieved in a primary combustion/expansion chamber and a secondary expansion chamber in a manner to reduce engine exhaust pressures to essentially atmospheric or below. The chambers are defined by two members movable with respect to each other within an engine block volume. Porting and fluid flow control is accomplished through the motion of the moving members. Embodiments include the use of a suction chamber which achieves subatmospheric exhaust pressures and which, in conjunction with a pressure-pumping chamber, achieves a "push-pull" effect on the fluid in the engine. Unique porting of the fuel/air mixture is provided and it includes, if desired, means to vary the fuel/air ratio during the cycle. The engine of this invention exhibits performance characteristics associated with the usual four-stroke cycle engines.

Abstract: A positive displacement fluid moving mechanism having economical construction features, novel porting provisions and adjustment means which allow it to possess a very high ratio of fluid displaced per unit rotation in relation to the volume of the displacing mechanism, whereas, this feature allows increased performance due to less energy required to operate the unit due to less internal friction.

Abstract: A positive displacement fluid moving mechanism having internal construction features which allow it to possess a very high ratio of fluid displaced per unit rotation in relation to the volume of the displacing mechanism, whereas, this feature allows increased performance due to less energy required to operate the unit because of its reduced size and internal friction.