Abstract: The invention is based in part on the generation of a double stranded RNA molecule substantially covering the whole transcribed region of a gene, and cleaving this using an RNA endonuclease to generate small RNA molecules which are already or may be subsequently labelled. The invention provides small labelled ribonucleic acid (RNA) fragments for use as probes to detect potentially small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) fragments produced in vivo. The invention also provides uses of said small labelled RNA fragments and kits suitable for preparing said small labelled RNA fragments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods to regulate gene expression in plants. In particular, manipulation of the expression in a plant cell of a nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising a 3?-5? exonuclease domain is disclosed. More stable and predictable expression is thus obtained. The present invention also relates to method of increasing or decreasing post-transcriptional silencing. The invention further relates to novel nucleic acid molecules comprising nucleotide sequences encoding polypeptides comprising a 3?-5? exonuclease domain.

Abstract: The invention is based in part on the generation of a double stranded RNA molecule substantially covering the whole transcribed region of a gene, and cleaving this using an RNA endonuclease to generate small RNA molecules which are already or may be subsequently labelled. The invention provides small labelled ribonucleic acid (RNA) fragments for use as probes to detect potentially small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) fragments produced in vivo. The invention also provides uses of said small labelled RNA fragments and kits suitable for preparing said small labelled RNA fragments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of regulating gene expression in eukaryotic cells, in particular providing stable and persistent expression that can undergo systemic spreading in plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides chemically regulatable DNA sequences capable of regulating transcription of an associated DNA sequence in plants or plant tissues, chimeric constructions containing such sequences, vectors containing such sequences and chimeric constructions, and transgenic plants and plant tissues containing these chimeric constructions. In one aspect, the chemically regulatable DNA sequences of the invention are derived from the 5′ region of genes encoding pathogenisis-related (PR) proteins. The present invention also provides anti-pathogenic sequences derived from novel cDNAs coding for PR proteins which can be genetically engineered and transformed into plants to confer enhanced resistance to disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods to regulate gene expression in plants. In particular, manipulation of the expression in a plant cell of a nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising a 3′-5′ exonuclease domain is disclosed. More stable and predictable expression is thus obtained. The present invention also relates to method of increasing or decreasing post-transcriptional silencing. The invention further relates to novel nucleic acid molecules comprising nucleotide sequences encoding polypeptides comprising a 3′-5′ exonuclease domain.

Abstract: The present invention provides chemically regulatable DNA sequences capable of regulating transcription of an associated DNA sequence in plants or plant tissues, chimeric constructions containing such sequences, vectors containing such sequences and chimeric constructions, and transgenic plants and plant tissues containing these chimeric constructions. In one aspect, the chemically regulatable DNA sequences of the invention are derived from the 5′ region of genes encoding pathogenisis-related (PR) proteins. The present invention also provides anti-pathogenic sequences derived from novel cDNAs coding for PR proteins which can be genetically engineered and transformed into plants to confer enhanced resistance to disease.