Abstract: The present disclosure relates to tobacco plants, tobacco seeds, compositions, and methods related to the identification and introgression of the Pale Yellow locus in tobacco. It also relates to generating novel mutations within the PY locus in tobacco.

Abstract: A communication method for embedding a meta-carrier under an original carrier signal with reduced or minimal original carrier signal degradation, the method comprising transmitting an original carrier signal and transmitting a meta-carrier signal separate from the original carrier signal, wherein the meta-carrier signal contains information about an original carrier signal, is extractable under an interfered condition, and is transmitted such that the meta-carrier signal occupies at least a portion of a bandwidth of the original carrier signal.

Abstract: A communication method for embedding a meta-carrier under an original carrier signal with reduced or minimal original carrier signal degradation, the method comprising transmitting an original carrier signal by a transmitter, forming a meta-carrier signal separate from the original carrier signal that contains meta-data about the original carrier signal including one or more characteristics of the original carrier signal configured for use by a receiving device to establish one or more parameters of a receiving device to receive the original carrier signal at the receiving device, and transmitting the meta-carrier signal by the transmitter separate from the original carrier signal such that the meta-carrier signal occupies at least a portion of a bandwidth of the original carrier signal.

Abstract: A method and system for analyzing an electromagnetic (EM) carrier signal that is operating outside transmission parameters by determining that an original carrier signal is operating outside one or more transmission parameters, modulating the original carrier signal and a meta-carrier signal, the meta-carrier signal comprising meta-data that identifies a transmission source, such that a modulated composite carrier signal results, and transmitting the composite carrier signal to a remote receiving device.

Abstract: A method for remotely and dynamically controlling adjacent satellite interference comprising monitoring one or more off-axis signals emitted by one or more remote transmitters; determining whether one or more of the off-axis signals is creating adjacent satellite interference (ASI), off axis emissions and inband interference that is higher than a predetermined level of acceptable interference, and transmitting a control signal to at least one of the one or more remote transmitters in response to the determination that the one or more off-axis signals is creating interference that is higher than the predetermined level of acceptable interference, the control signal initiating an adjustment to one or more transmission parameters of the one or more remote transmitters such that interference resulting from the one or more off-axis signals emitted by the one or more remote transmitters is reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: A communication method for transmitting meta-data through a meta-carrier signal comprising encoding meta-data using an encoder, the meta-data comprising information that identifies a repeating relay to which a spread meta-carrier signal is to be transmitted, encoded using an encoder, modulating, using a modulator and spreading, using a spreader, the encoded meta-data such that the spread meta-carrier signal results, and transmitting, by a transmitting device, the spread meta-carrier signal to the repeating relay wherein the repeating relay does not process or modify the spread meta-carrier signal, the spread meta-carrier signal being transmitted over at least a portion of a bandwidth of the repeating relay.

Abstract: A communication method for transmitting meta-data through a meta-carrier signal comprising encoding meta-data using an encoder, the meta-data comprising information that identifies a repeating relay to which a spread meta-carrier signal is to be transmitted, encoded using an encoder, modulating, using a modulator and spreading, using a spreader, the encoded meta-data such that the spread meta-carrier signal results, and transmitting, by a transmitting device, the spread meta-carrier signal to the repeating relay wherein the repeating relay does not process or modify the spread meta-carrier signal, the spread meta-carrier signal being transmitted over at least a portion of a bandwidth of the repeating relay.

Abstract: A method of receiving and reassembling non-sequential meta-data information embedded within an original burst carrier signal that receives multiple composite burst carrier signals each with an original burst carrier signal and a meta-carrier signal, wherein the meta-carrier signal occupies at least a portion of a bandwidth of the original burst carrier signal and includes one or more bits of meta-data information of a meta-data message about the original burst carrier signal that is non-contiguous in reference to a temporal order in which the meta-data information is received, detecting a DSSS spreading sequence and extracting the meta-carrier signals from the composite burst carrier signals, determining a phase progression of the meta-carrier signals based on a PRN spreading code, and reassembling the one or more bits of meta-data information from each meta-carrier signal into a sequential order after an entire meta-data message is received and extracted.

Abstract: A method of provisioning a communications link between remote terminals within a hub-spoke network comprising receiving, by a first remote terminal, information about a second remote terminal from a hub, selecting, by the first remote terminal, a modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, and power level based on the information received about the second remote terminal, transmitting, by the first remote terminal, a signal using at least one of the selected modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, and power level, to the second remote terminal such that a communications link is created, and adjusting the modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, or power level of the transmitted signal such that performance of the link is increased while maintaining a presence of the link.

Abstract: A communication method for transmitting meta-data through a meta-carrier signal comprising encoding meta-data using an encoder, the meta-data comprising information that identifies a repeating relay to which a spread meta-carrier signal is to be transmitted, encoded using an encoder, modulating, using a modulator and spreading, using a spreader, the encoded meta-data such that the spread meta-carrier signal results, and transmitting, by a transmitting device, the spread meta-carrier signal to the repeating relay wherein the repeating relay does not process or modify the spread meta-carrier signal, the spread meta-carrier signal being transmitted over at least a portion of a bandwidth of the repeating relay.

Abstract: A method for remotely and dynamically controlling adjacent satellite interference comprising monitoring one or more off-axis signals emitted by one or more remote transmitters; determining whether one or more of the off-axis signals is creating adjacent satellite interference (ASI), off axis emissions and inband interference that is higher than a predetermined level of acceptable interference, and transmitting a control signal to at least one of the one or more remote transmitters in response to the determination that the one or more off-axis signals is creating interference that is higher than the predetermined level of acceptable interference, the control signal initiating an adjustment to one or more transmission parameters of the one or more remote transmitters such that interference resulting from the one or more off-axis signals emitted by the one or more remote transmitters is reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: A method of provisioning a communications link between remote terminals within a hub-spoke network comprising receiving, by a first remote terminal, information about a second remote terminal from a hub, selecting, by the first remote terminal, a modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, and power level based on the information received about the second remote terminal, transmitting, by the first remote terminal, a signal using at least one of the selected modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, and power level, to the second remote terminal such that a communications link is created, and adjusting the modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, or power level of the transmitted signal such that performance of the link is increased while maintaining a presence of the link.

Abstract: A method of embedding and transmitting a meta-data message in an original burst carrier signal for message reassembly comprising spreading a meta-carrier signal using a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) spreading code having a Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) spreading code sequence, the meta-carrier signal comprising one or more bits of meta-data information about the original burst carrier signal, lowering a power spectral density of the meta-carrier signal using the PRN spreading code such that interference with the original signal is reduced, combining the original burst carrier and the meta-carrier signals using a modulator such that a composite burst carrier signal results wherein the meta-carrier signal occupies at least a portion of a bandwidth of the original carrier, and transmitting the composite burst carrier using a transmitter over a telecommunications channel in which only one burst carrier signal is expected to be present within a predetermined frequency bandwidth at a point in time.

Abstract: A communication method for transmitting meta-data through a meta-carrier signal comprising encoding meta-data using an encoder, the meta-data comprising information that identifies a repeating relay to which a spread meta-carrier signal is to be transmitted, encoded using an encoder, modulating, using a modulator and spreading, using a spreader, the encoded meta-data such that the spread meta-carrier signal results, and transmitting, by a transmitting device, the spread meta-carrier signal to the repeating relay wherein the repeating relay does not process or modify the spread meta-carrier signal, the spread meta-carrier signal being transmitted over at least a portion of a bandwidth of the repeating relay.

Abstract: A method for remotely and dynamically controlling adjacent satellite interference comprising monitoring one or more off-axis signals emitted by one or more remote transmitters; determining whether one or more of the off-axis signals is creating adjacent satellite interference (ASI), off axis emissions and inband interference that is higher than a predetermined level of acceptable interference, and transmitting a control signal to at least one of the one or more remote transmitters in response to the determination that the one or more off-axis signals is creating interference that is higher than the predetermined level of acceptable interference, the control signal initiating an adjustment to one or more transmission parameters of the one or more remote transmitters such that interference resulting from the one or more off-axis signals emitted by the one or more remote transmitters is reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: A method of provisioning a communications link between remote terminals within a hub-spoke network comprising receiving, by a first remote terminal, information about a second remote terminal from a hub, selecting, by the first remote terminal, a modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, and power level based on the information received about the second remote terminal, transmitting, by the first remote terminal, a signal using at least one of the selected modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, and power level, to the second remote terminal such that a communications link is created, and adjusting the modulation factor, coding rate, symbol rate, center frequency, or power level of the transmitted signal such that performance of the link is increased while maintaining a presence of the link.

Abstract: A method of embedding and transmitting a meta-data message in an original burst carrier signal for message reassembly comprising spreading a meta-carrier signal using a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) spreading code having a Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) spreading code sequence, the meta-carrier signal comprising one or more bits of meta-data information about the original burst carrier signal, lowering a power spectral density of the meta-carrier signal using the PRN spreading code such that interference with the original signal is reduced, combining the original burst carrier and the meta-carrier signals using a modulator such that a composite burst carrier signal results wherein the meta-carrier signal occupies at least a portion of a bandwidth of the original carrier, and transmitting the composite burst carrier using a transmitter over a telecommunications channel in which only one burst carrier signal is expected to be present within a predetermined frequency bandwidth at a point in time.

Abstract: A method of embedding and transmitting a meta-data message in an original burst carrier signal for message reassembly comprising spreading a meta-carrier signal using a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) spreading code having a Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) spreading code sequence, the meta-carrier signal comprising one or more bits of meta-data information about the original burst carrier signal, lowering a power spectral density of the meta-carrier signal using the PRN spreading code such that interference with the original signal is reduced, combining the original burst carrier and the meta-carrier signals using a modulator such that a composite burst carrier signal results wherein the meta-carrier signal occupies at least a portion of a bandwidth of the original carrier, and transmitting the composite burst carrier using a transmitter over a telecommunications channel in which only one burst carrier signal is expected to be present within a predetermined frequency bandwidth at a point in time.

Abstract: A method of controlling bandwidth allocation over a communications link comprising detecting, by a processor, a change in a power level of a composite signal transmitted by a transmitter, the composite signal comprising a plurality of carrier signals and having a constant center frequency and spectral allocation, adjusting at least one of a modulation factor and a forward error correction (FEC) rate of one or more of the plurality of carrier signals using a modulator, in response to the change in power level to maintain a predetermined data rate and spectral allocation of the composite signal, and maintaining, by the modulator, an uninterrupted communications link between the transmitter and a remote receiver while the at least one of the modulation factor and the FEC rate is adjusted.

Abstract: A communication method for embedding a meta-carrier under an original carrier signal with reduced or minimal original carrier signal degradation, the method comprising transmitting an original carrier signal by a transmitter, forming a meta-carrier signal separate from the original carrier signal that contains meta-data about the original carrier signal including one or more characteristics of the original carrier signal configured for use by a receiving device to establish one or more parameters of a receiving device to receive the original carrier signal at the receiving device, and transmitting the meta-carrier signal by the transmitter separate from the original carrier signal such that the meta-carrier signal occupies at least a portion of a bandwidth of the original carrier signal.