Abstract: The present invention relates to chromatography beads, production and use thereof. More closely the invention relates to small, rigid and nan-permeable agarose beads suitable for example as stationary phase in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for analyses of biomolecules, such as, peptides and proteins; and methods for producing such beads.

Abstract: There is provided a method of treatment of sludge, such as municipal or industrial sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, comprising the steps of: —preheating an incoming sludge with at least one steam fraction, preferably by direct steam injection, to obtain a preheated sludge; —further heating the preheated sludge with a high-temperature steam fraction, preferably by direct steam injection, to obtain a heated sludge; —hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of the heated sludge to obtain a HTC-treated sludge; —separating a particle-lean fraction from the HTC-treated sludge; —wet oxidation of the particle-lean fraction to obtain a heated particle-lean fraction; —subjecting the heated particle-lean fraction to a first flashing to obtain the high-temperature steam fraction used in the further heating step; —separating a particle-rich fraction from the HTC-treated sludge; —subjecting the particle-rich fraction to flashing to obtain at least one steam fraction that is used in the preheating step and a cooled particl

Abstract: There is provided a method of treatment of sludge, such as municipal or industrial sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, comprising the steps of: —preheating an incoming sludge with at least one steam fraction, preferably by direct steam injection, to obtain a preheated sludge; —further heating the preheated sludge with a high-temperature steam fraction, preferably by direct steam injection, to obtain a heated sludge; —hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of the heated sludge to obtain a HTC-treated sludge; —separating a particle-lean fraction from the HTC-treated sludge; —wet oxidation of the particle-lean fraction to obtain a heated particle-lean fraction; —subjecting the heated particle-lean fraction to a first flashing to obtain the high-temperature steam fraction used in the further heating step; —separating a particle-rich fraction from the HTC-treated sludge; —subjecting the particle-rich fraction to flashing to obtain at least one steam fraction that is used in the preheating step and a cooled particl

Abstract: A method for controlling propulsion of a drilling rig. The drilling rig includes a right propulsion unit and a left propulsion unit and mutually independent speed control and a transmission for driving the right propulsion unit and the left propulsion unit. The transmission provides at least two gear states of a gear box. A propulsion speed is request for the right propulsion unit and for the left propulsion unit. A difference is determined between a requested propulsion speed of the right propulsion unit and the left propulsion unit. A suitable gear state is determined based on the determined difference. Also a computer program product including program code for a computer for implementing the method. A system and a drilling rig equipped with the system.

Abstract: A method for controlling propulsion of a drilling rig. The drilling rig includes a right propulsion unit and a left propulsion unit and mutually independent speed control and a transmission for driving the right propulsion unit and the left propulsion unit. The transmission provides at least two gear states of a gear box. A propulsion speed is request for the right propulsion unit and for the left propulsion unit. A difference is determined between a requested propulsion speed of the right propulsion unit and the left propulsion unit. A suitable gear state is determined based on the determined difference. Also a computer program product including program code for a computer for implementing the method. A system and a drilling rig equipped with the system.

Abstract: The method is for separation of lignin from original black liquor (BLIN) and has the following phases in sequence. A first precipitation phase (PR1) for precipitation of lignin by a first acidification of the original black liquor by adding a first acid or mixture of acids (G1a) followed by a first storage phase wherein precipitated lignin particles are allowed to increase in size, followed by a second precipitation phase (PR2) for precipitation of lignin by a further acidification of the original black liquor by adding a second acid or mixture of acids (G1b). By retaining the acidified black liquor for at least 25 minutes in the storage phase are the precipitated lignin particles allowed to grow in size and the filterability is improved considerably.

Abstract: The method is for separation of lignin from original black liquor (BLIN) and has the following phases in sequence. A first precipitation phase (PR1) for precipitation of lignin by a first acidification of the original black liquor by adding a first acid or mixture of acids (G1a) followed by a first storage phase wherein precipitated lignin particles are allowed to increase in size, followed by a second precipitation phase (PR2) for precipitation of lignin by a further acidification of the original black liquor by adding a second acid or mixture of acids (G1b). By retaining the acidified black liquor for at least 25 minutes in the storage phase are the precipitated lignin particles allowed to grow in size and the filterability is improved considerably.

Abstract: A method for precipitating (separation) of lignin, using small amounts of acidifying agents, whereby a lignin product or an intermediate lignin product is obtained which can be used as fuel or chemical feed stock (or as a chemical or a raw material for further refining), from a lignin containing liquid/slurry, such as black liquor. A method for separation of lignin from a lignin containing liquid/slurry, such as black liquor, whereby a more pure lignin is obtained, a lignin product or an intermediate lignin product obtainable by the above methods, and use, preferably for the production of heat or for use as chemical, of the lignin product or intermediate lignin product are also disclosed.

Abstract: Method for separating lignin from black liquor includes the following steps: a) precipitating lignin by acidifying black liquor and thereupon dewatering, b) suspending the lignin filter cake obtained in step a) to obtain a second lignin suspension and adjusting the pH level to approximately that of the washing water of step d) below, c) dewatering of the second lignin suspension, d) adding washing water and performing a displacement washing at substantially constant conditions without any dramatic gradients in the pH, and e) dewatering the lignin cake produced in step d) into a high dryness and displacing the remaining washing liquid in the filter cake, whereby a lignin product is obtained which has an even higher dryness after the displacement washing of step d). The lignin product or an intermediate lignin product obtained by the method, and its use, preferably for the production of heat or chemicals is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for controlling the sodium and sulphur balance of a pulp mill while separating lignin from black liquor, and also a lignin product or an intermediate lignin product obtainable by the method. The present invention also provides use of a lignin product or an intermediate lignin product for the production of fuel (solid, gaseous or liquid) or materials.