Abstract: An arrangement for determining concentration of substances in a fluid comprising a light source for generating primary light pulses within a wavelength interval, a light pulse splitter adapted to split up the primary light pulses into a predetermined number of secondary light pulses to be transmitted through the fluid, the secondary light pulses being separated in time as well as wavelength to be differently absorbed upon passage of the fluid depending on the concentration of the substances, a detector for detecting intensity of the differently absorbed secondary light pulses, and a comparator for comparing the intensities of the differently absorbed secondary light pulses with different reference intensities corresponding to different substances to thereby determine the concentration of the substances in the fluid.

Abstract: An arrangement for determining concentration of substances in a fluid comprising a light source for generating primary light pulses within a wavelength interval, a light pulse splitter adapted to split up the primary light pulses into a predetermined number of secondary light pulses to be transmitted through the fluid, the secondary light pulses being separated in time as well as wavelength to be differently absorbed upon passage of the fluid depending on the concentration of the substances, a detector for detecting intensity of the differently absorbed secondary light pulses, and a comparator for comparing the intensities of the differently absorbed secondary light pulses with different reference intensities corresponding to different substances to thereby determine the concentration of the substances in the fluid.

Abstract: An arrangement for determining concentration of substances in a fluid comprising a light source (2) for generating primary light pulses within a wavelength interval, a light pulse splitter (5) adapted to split up the primary light pulses into a predetermined number of secondary light pulses to be transmitted through the fluid, the secondary light pulses being separated in time as well as wavelength to be differently absorbed upon passage of the fluid depending on the concentration of the substances, a detector (13) for detecting intensity of the differently absorbed secondary light pulses, and a comparator (14) for comparing the intensities of the differently absorbed secondary light pulses with different reference intensities corresponding to different substances to thereby determine the concentration of the substances in the fluid.

Abstract: Optical parametric generation is disclosed, wherein a bulk Bragg grating is used as an element for providing narrow wavelength bandwidth. Various embodiments for obtaining improved performance and narrow bandwidth operation are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laser source for the infrared wavelength range which comprises a pump laser (1) which emits radiation (PP) which is input radiation to a first optical parametric oscillator (3, 4, 5), whose output radiation (SP) is input radiation to a second step in the form of a second optical parametric oscillator (7, 8, 9) or an optical parametric generator. At least one of the reflective devices of the first optical parametric oscillator consist of a Bragg grating (5) in a bulk material.

Abstract: An arrangement for determining concentration of substances in a fluid comprising a light source (2) for generating primary light pulses within a wavelength interval, a light pulse splitter (5) adapted to split up the primary light pulses into a predetermined number of secondary light pulses to be transmitted through the fluid, the secondary light pulses being separated in time as well as wavelength to be differently absorbed upon passage of the fluid depending on the concentration of the substances, a detector (13) for detecting intensity of the differently absorbed secondary light pulses, and a comparator (14) for comparing the intensities of the differently absorbed secondary light pulses with different reference intensities corresponding to different substances to thereby determine the concentration of the substances in the fluid.

Abstract: A method and a device for generating visible coherent radiation is disclosed. The visible coherent radiation is generated by sum-frequency mixing of a first fundamental beam from a diode laser and a second fundamental beam from a diode-pumped solid-state laser. The mixing is performed by means of a quasi-phasematching element provided within the resonant cavity of the solid-state laser. The first fundamental beam is stabilized by providing feedback to the diode laser.

Abstract: A method and a device for generating visible coherent radiation is disclosed. The visible coherent radiation is generated by sum-frequency mixing of a first fundamental beam from a diode laser and a second fundamental beam from a diode-pumped solid-state laser. The mixing is performed by means of a quasi-phasematching element provided within the resonant cavity of the solid-state laser. The first fundamental beam is stabilized by providing feedback to the diode laser.

Abstract: A microchip laser arrangement is disclosed. The arrangement is operative to emit Q-switched laser pulses at 1.54 &mgr;m. The lasing medium of the laser arrangement is preferably comprised of Yb:Er-glass, and the Q-switch is comprised of a saturable absorber of cobalt doped spinel crystal. The lasing medium is preferably bonded to the absorber to form a monolithic body, upon the surface of which there are deposited dielectric stacks forming a resonant laser cavity. Pumping of the active medium is performed by means of an InGaAs laser diode emitting light at 0.97 &mgr;m, corresponding well with the absorption of the Yb:Er-glass material.

Abstract: A solid-state laser or arrangement for wavelength conversion is disclosed, which in its simplest embodiment is comprised of a light-generating body arranged in a supporting means, the light-generating body having a shape which is substantially complementary to a guiding structure which is formed in the supporting means. The guiding structure is formed with a high degree of accuracy, for instance, by etching the supporting means or by replicating an original. Between the light-generating body and the guiding structure of the supporting means a thin contact layer is arranged, the purpose of which is to increase the adherence to and/or the heat transfer to the supporting means. Due to the fact that the contact layer is a deformable material, possible discrepancies as regards complementary between the guiding structure and the light-generating body will be filled by the contact layer whereby a close fit is obtained between the complementary structure.

Abstract: A microchip laser arrangement is disclosed. The arrangement is operative to emit Q-switched laser pulses at 1.54 &mgr;m. The lasing medium of the laser arrangement is preferably comprised of Yb:Er-glass, and the Q-switch is comprised of a saturable absorber of cobalt doped spinel crystal. The lasing medium is preferably bonded to the absorber to form a monolithic body, upon the surface of which there are deposited dielectric stacks forming a resonant laser cavity, Pumping of the active medium is performed by means of an InGaAs laser diode emitting light at 0.97 &mgr;m, corresponding well with the absorption of the Yb:Er-glass material.

Abstract: The invention refers to a laser having first and second reflecting elements (3, 4) defining a laser cavity; a laser microchip (1) provided in the laser cavity to generate laser radiation of a fundamental wavelength; and a quasi-phase matching non-linear optical element (2) provided in the laser cavity to receive said laser radiation of the fundamental wavelength from the laser microchip (1) and to emit frequency doubled laser radiation (SH) of a wavelength half as long as the fundamental wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the periodic domain inversion of ferroelectric flux-grown crystals that are low conductive or made low conductive. The invention also relates to an arrangement for monitoring the domain inversion of crystals while using a laser. The invention also relates to the use of crystals in applications of periodic domain inverted crystals, partly for generating light (electromagnetic radiation) at new wavelengths by non-linear optical frequency mixing (frequency doubling, difference frequency generation, summation frequency generation, optical parametric oscillation, etc.) and partly for electro-optical applications, such as light beam modulation, and partly for acoustic applications. such as the generation of acoustic waves from electric voltages applied across the crystal.

Abstract: Segmented waveguides for wavelength conversion (e.g., waveguides comprising alternating sections of crystalline substrate having the formula K.sub.1-x Rb.sub.x TiOMO.sub.4 where x is from 0 to 1 and M is P or As and sections of substrate material in which cations of said substrate have been partially replaced) and devices and processes employing segmented waveguides for wavelength conversion are disclosed wherein a periodic structure along the waveguide provides a Bragg reflection having a wavelength essentially equal to the wavelength of the input wave used for wavelength conversion. Also disclosed is a process for preparing a channel waveguide for a wavelength conversion system wherein areas along a portion of a crystal substrate surface used for forming the desired channel are alternately masked and unmasked during cation replacement by immersion in a molten salt.

Abstract: Segmented waveguides for wavelength conversion (e.g., waveguides comprising alternating sections of crystalline substrate having the formula K.sub.1-x Rb.sub.x TiOMO.sub.4 where x is from 0 to 1 and M is P or As and sections of substrate material in which cations of said substrate have been partially replaced) and devices and processes employing segmented waveguides for wavelength conversion are disclosed wherein a periodic structure along the waveguide provides a Bragg reflection having a wavelength essentially equal to the wavelength of the input wave used for wavelength conversion. Also disclosed is a process for preparing a channel waveguide for a wavelength conversion system wherein areas along a portion of a crystal substrate surface used for forming the desired channel are alternately masked and unmasked during cation replacement by immersion in a molten salt.

Abstract: A waveguide in optically nonlinear materials for quasi-phase-matched frequency conversion of electromagnetic waves, arranged in a crystal substrate. The waveguide includes a periodically alternating crystal orientation necessary for quasi-phase-matching. The crystal orientation is provided in the form of a periodically domain inverted structure of ferroelectric domains, with reversed crystal orientation in relation to intermediate regions located between the domains. The domain structure is achieved by use of a periodic mask structure applied to the surface of the substrate in combination with a subsequent heat treatment of the substrate.