Abstract: The invention relates to a carrier material having an inorganic molecular structure and a surface coating produced by applying a substance and by heat treatment. The invention also relates to a method for the production and to the appropriate uses of said surface coating. Carrier materials made of glass, metal or ceramic should be provided with a surface coating with anti-sticking properties against water-based and/or oil-based organic materials or water-oil emulsions while exhibiting at the same time essentially better temperature-resistant and anti-scratch characteristics than conventional PTFE or silicon coatings. The requirements are met by an inventive surface coating consisting of a combination of inorganic molecules of the carrier material and organic molecules of an applied substance on the uppermost molecular layer of said coating. In order to produce such a surface, an inorganic substance with silicone-like networks is initially applied.

Abstract: In electrophoretic immersion enameling, about one-third of the enamel slimes charged is admitted into the rinsing basin, with this basin being located downstream of the immersion enameling basin. The process and the device for carrying out the process of the invention effect an efficient recovery of the enamel slimes. In the process, the electro-immersion enameled parts are wholly or partly sprayed off above the immersion enameling basin and/or an after-connected additional basin. The overall water system is kept constant by draining cells arranged and integrated into the immersion enameling basin or in the additional basin.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for firing enamel on steel parts, especially on steel sheet of aluminum stabilized continuous cast steel material, as well as an enameling oven with a firing zone and an entry zone serving as a prewarming zone for the carrying out of this process. The invention is characterized in that the heating of the steel part or steel sheet to the firing temperature is interrupted before reaching the firing temperature, in that hydrogen dissolved in the steel is released during the interruption time, that the steel part subsequently is heated further to the firing temperature, is held at this temperature and is then cooled in a known way. The enameling oven for carrying out the method consists according to the invention of a degasing zone inserted between the firing zone and the prewarming zone, in which degasing zone the workpiece coated with enamel is held for a given minimum time at a definite temperature.

Abstract: An electrophoretic coating method, including the steps of electrophoretically coating an anodic workpiece with enamel in an enamel slop composed of a watery suspension. At least one substance is added to the enamel slop which is enamel compatible and which emits electrons in the region of the anodic workpiece. Such compounds sometimes known as reduction agents are, for example, nitrite, sulfite, hypophosphite, cyanide, bromide and iodide.

Abstract: A method for coating a steel part wherein the steel part is introduced into an activation bath containing metal salts such as copper and silver salts which are nobler in potential than iron to deposit a layer of the nobler metal on the surface of the steel part. The part is then immersed in a galvanizing bath in which the part is coated with zinc. Preferably, the galvanized steel part is then electrophoretically enamelled.

Abstract: Process and device for electrophoretically plating metal parts with vitreous enamel in a plating vessel containing a hollow cathode whose interior is connected by openings with its outside, the openings being covered by a membrane, the hollow cathode being completely emptied of water and other liquids by means of a pump or drain.

Abstract: A level control device for pickling, degreasing, nickel-plating baths or the like, comprising at least two baths of different specific gravities, wherein the two baths are joined to a connecting pipe and the connecting pipe runs into the bath of lower specific gravity just below the bath level so that level control is possible without pumps or float switches or the like.

Abstract: A vitreous enamel-coated ferrous article is prepared by (a) pretreating a ferrous article such as by pickling, (b) coating the pretreated ferrous article with a metal whose boiling temperature is above the firing temperature of the enamel, (c) electrophoretically coating the metal-coated article with a vitreous enamel, and (d) firing the enamel.