Abstract: Arrangement for providing an enhanced wear-resistant contact region for a cast iron mechanical control element such as a rocker arm. The control element is cast in a desired shape. It is then preheated to a temperature between room temperature and the Ms temperature of the iron element (Ms temperature is a function of the carbon content of the iron) to adjust the total hardness of the iron element. A surface region of a cast iron control element, intended for forming the contact region, is partially melted and then cooled to create a hard ledeburitic structure which has a mixed crystal structure and is at least partly martensitic and has a mixed hardness of at least 670 Hv.

Abstract: An apparatus for inductively hardening by quenching of the running surface of bearings of a crankshaft in which the crankshafts are transported by a lifter-conveyor system to a clamp which grips the crankshaft and is pivoted about a lever arm pivotably mounted on the machine frame to a heating position below a plurality of inductors. The inductors ride on the crankshaft as it rotates to inductively heat the running surfaces. The inductors are each mounted on a linkage which also mounts a quenching shower and the linkage in turn is swingably mounted on a further lever arm which is pivotably connected to the machine frame. As the crankshaft rotates, the inductor lifts and the further lever arm lifts off a stop. The apparatus preferably includes a second clamp and set of inductors to which the crankshaft is subsequently conveyed for further treatment after hardening.

Abstract: A process in which pipes, particularly thick walled pipes, are inductively heated to the austenization temperature, quenched with a coolant to form martensite in the surface zone, then drawn, with additional heat added when necessary and left to cool with the not-quenched layers forming an interstage structure.

Abstract: A process for heating at least two metal pipes wherein each pipe is individually preheated in response to sensors detecting its initial temperature and wall thickness. The pipe then passes through a continuous heater which applies an equal amount of energy to each portion of the pipe, after which each pipe emerges having a predetermined temperature independent of both its initial temperature and the wall thickness.

Abstract: An apparatus for inductive hardening different types of production parts, such as automobile axles, in a device of the type having a pair of rotatable spiders with a plurality of arms for clamping therebetween the parts for indexing movement from a clamping station to a releasing station, the parts being sequentially presented to the clamping station by a lifting bar conveyor. The type of part presented for clamping and type of part which the arms at the clamping station can clamp are compared and the part only clamped when the types are the same.