Abstract: The invention relates to a device for freezing articles, that comprises a conveyor with a porous belt maintained in position inside the device by drums, and a means for impregnating the belt of said conveyor with a cryogenic liquid, wherein the impregnation of the belt is carried out by partially or totally immersing the belt in a bath of cryogenic liquid, characterised in that it comprises a means for pressing the belt of the conveyor onto one of said drums.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for randomly storing data in storage networks and/or an intranet and/or the Internet, a corresponding computer program product, and a corresponding computer-readable storage medium, which are particularly suitable for distributing and retrieving data in error-tolerant and faulty systems such as storage networks or the Internet. According to the inventive method for randomly storing data in storage networks and/or an intranet and/or the Internet, one or multiple intervals, the total length of which corresponds to the relative capacity of the system, is/are assigned to each storage system. Said intervals are represented in a [0,1) interval but can overlap with other intervals as opposed to existing strategies. A real point is then assigned to each data block within the [0,1) interval by means of a (pseudo)random function. Optionally, said point can be part of several intervals of storage systems.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for controlling a refrigeration plant having a cooler for cooling cooling air, the surface temperature of the cooler being measured by a single sensor and the cooling-air temperature being derived from the surface temperature of the cooler via a correction factor, the refrigeration plant then being controlled an the basis of the measured temperature value and the derived temperature value.

Abstract: A rectifier arrangement for a three-phase generator having at least one power diode allocated to each half-wave of each phase and a cooling arrangement for the power diodes. The power diodes may be designed as diode chips and be arranged between two diametrically opposed heat sinks, while being oriented with respect to polarity and electrically and/or thermally conductive.

Abstract: In a device and a method for regulating an alternator increased alternator output is achieved either in that the exciter current can have a value above the nominal exciter current or in that the alternator control parameters are fixed in such a way that overheating could occur under unfavorable circumstances. In order to prevent this overheating even under unfavorable circumstances, the temperature is measured preferably in the regulator and the temperature at critical locations is determined from this temperature while taking into account typical parameters. This can be effected in that the temperature or temperatures which would occur in stationary operation are first determined. When an impermissible temperature is detected, the exciter current is reduced by suitable steps until the allowable maximum temperature is not exceeded.

Abstract: In the case of a heat exchanger, in particular a cooling apparatus, having a housing and at least one ventilator for blowing the air which flows through the heat exchanger out through an outlet opening in the housing, there is arranged on the outside of the outlet opening (4) of the housing (1), in order to avoid energy losses upon defrosting and to save energy costs, a flexible flat piece (6, 15) which permits air to emerge unimpeded into the surrounding space when the ventilator is operating but which collapses when the ventilator is shut off and thereby covers the outlet opening of the housing so that, upon the defrosting, no moist and warm defrosting air can emerge through the outlet opening of the housing into the surrounding space.

Abstract: A power supply for a motor vehicle includes an additional voltage storage associated with the starter and the starter is separated from the rest of the vehicle supply system during the starting process by a charging/separating module. Since different variables of the vehicle supply system are supplied to this charging/separating module and corresponding measurements and detection take place within this module, the charging/separating module itself switches off or switches over in a manner which is optimally adapted to requirements.Since the voltage storage associated with the starter and the rest of the vehicle supply battery can be operated completely independently from one another, they can be freely selected based on requirements (starting or buffering). A particularly reliable and safe charging of this voltage storage is ensured at a reduced nominal voltage of the voltage storage, also designated as starter storage.

Abstract: The description concerns a voltage regulator (12) for regulating the output voltage (UB+) of an alternator (10) which is driven by an internal combustion engine. The voltage regulator (12) has an additional circuit (24) which evaluates the exciter current duty cycle (T) and supplies a signal (S1) at its output which is high when the exciter current duty cycle is high and low when the exciter current duty cycle is low. The circuit (24) is integrated in the voltage regulator (12) and the output signal (S1) supplied by it is transmitted via an additional regulator terminal (DA) and can be fed to the control device (25) of the internal combustion engine, where it is used, for instance, to increase the idling speed of the engine and accordingly also to increase the alternator speed and thus the power delivered by the alternator (10). It is also possible to switch off unnecessary consumers with this signal.

Abstract: In a voltage regulator for an alternator which charges a battery via a charging cable and supplies a vehicle mains with voltage, the output voltage is regulated as a function of the temperature of the battery. The voltage regulator has a power part and a control part, which includes a simulation device for storing data and for determining the temperature of the battery, and hence the optimum charging voltage, by simulation from the stored data. Further, the voltage drop between the alternator and battery can be calculated from the alternator current and the resistance of the charging cable while taking into account correction factors which take into account the different connections of the consuming devices between the alternator and the battery so that the calculated voltage drop and the optimum charging voltage for the battery can be used by the voltage regulator to set the voltage delivered to the battery.

Abstract: The apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a generator of an internal combustion engine having a starter device, includes a charge control signaling device, an excitation coil for the generator and a voltage regulator controlling an excitation current in the excitation coil and an excitation current limiting device for limiting the excitation current during a predetermined starting phase (.DELTA.t1 ) connected to the voltage regulator. The excitation current limiting device detects whether the engine is in a starting phase. If the engine is in a starting phase, the excitation current limiting device reduces the excitation current so that a voltage is produce at generator terminal D+ which permits no load current and simultaneously guarantees that the charge control signalling device is shut off.

Abstract: The method of regulating a motor vehicle three-phase generator for operation in an overexcited range includes determining a temperature of the generator by a temperature-determining device provided in a voltage regulator circuit for the generator, supporting the housing of the voltage regulator on one of the generator component parts, reducing an excitation current of an excitation coil of the generator to keep the temperature of the generator below a predetermined maximum temperature when a generator speed is between a first generator speed threshold and a second generator speed threshold and increasing the excitation current of the excitation coil of the generator above the nominal value of the excitation current without consideration of the determined temperature, when the generator speed exceeds the second predetermined generator speed threshold and is below the first predetermined generator speed threshold.

Abstract: A generator having an exciting winding and a standard load associated with a standard exciting current in the exciting winding can be controlled by a voltage regulator which adjusts an exciting current in the exciting winding and a temperature measurement device in a predetermined location in the generator and/or a voltage regulator associated with the generator, which is connected to the voltage regulator, advantageously via a microprocessor device or a pulse duration modulation circuit connected to the final regulating stage of the voltage regulator for gating the exciting current. So that the generator can be dimensioned to operate above its maximum rated temperature and can be operated in a superexcited state, the method of controlling the generator includes the steps of increasing the exciting current in the exciting winding beyond the standard exciting current to operate the generator at a higher load than the standard load; measuring a temperature T.sub.

Abstract: Fresh air from an area located outside of the engine compartment is supplied to an alternator in a motor vehicle by ventilator. The ventilator is supplied with voltage from the alternator power supply system, and since a failure of the ventilator could lead to destruction of the alternator due to heat, the functioning of the ventilator is monitored by a device or circuit for monitoring and/or controlling the ventilator. This circuit also has a device for self-checking and controls the additional ventilator as a function of the alternator temperature by a device for measuring alternator temperature electrically connected to it.

Abstract: The apparatus for charging a battery particularly for a motor vehicle, with a self-exciting generator is provided in which the generator pre-excitation is improved during starting in that an additional relay is triggered via the starter arrangement, which relay connects the battery with the exciting winding via an additional line when starting and improves the pre-excitation. The additional relay contains a delay circuit, so that the pre-excitation is improved via the additional line also some time after the starting process. The additional line or current branch can contain the relay switch of the additional relay, a resistor and a diode connected electrically in series and the battery is connected with the exciting winding of the generator by it when the additional relay is energized. A capacitor can be connected in parallel with the additional relay coil to provide an appropriate time delay.

Abstract: A generator unit for a motor vehicle includes a battery, a generator, an intermediate drive for transmitting a drive torque from the internal combustion engine to said generator, an on-board power supply system, and an evaluating circuit. At least one of input value of engine speed, generator voltage, generator speed, battery voltage, battery current, battery temperature, and consumer means voltage, and at least one of an input value of generator current and generator temperature is input to the evaluating circuit. At least one output value for controlling at least one of a transmission ratio of the intermediate drive and an exciter current of the generator is output from the evaluating circuit. The power supply system is divided into a plurality of parts. This division enables to conform allowable voltage variations in a single part of the power supply system, to requirements of structural components contained in the single part.

Abstract: With a process for controlling the operating of a refrigerating unit with an evaporator and a fan, the fan being cut in and cut out independently of the refrigerating unit, which is cut in at a predetermined cut-in temperature, above a set value, and is cut out at a predetermined cut-out temperature, below the set value, to save energy for the refrigerating operation, whenever there is a cutting-out operation of the refrigerating unit, the fan likewise cuts out and then cuts in again as soon as a predetermined cut-in temperature of the fan, lying below the cut-in temperature of the refrigerating unit, is reached.

Abstract: A current collecting unit comprises a current collecting rail having a longitudinal axis and provided with a sleeve, and a connecting member mounted in the sleeve having one curved portion located above the longitudinal axis and another curved portion located below the longitudinal axis and both forming electrode supports.

Abstract: With a process for setting the temperature difference between cut-in temperature and cut-out temperature of a heating unit or, in particular, of a refrigerating unit in the region of a set value, to be maintained, of the temperature of a medium or of a room, for automatic adaptation of the temperature difference between cut-in temperature and cut-out temperature to changing loads, the temperature which, starting from the set value, is reached by the unit below or above the set value after expiry of a preselected unit of time in each case being established repeatedly, whereupon these established temperatures are compared and that temperature which coincides with several previously measured temperatures is used for setting the temperature difference between cut-in temperature and cut-out temperature.

Abstract: In the case of a process for controlling a heater, in particular a defrost heater for a refrigerating plant which has a temperature sensor, which is connected to a system for cutting in and cutting out the heater, during the operation of the heater, the temperature of the room to be heated is measured at certain intervals of time, a measured temperature value being stored in each case and compared with the following measured value, whereupon the heater is cut out whenever the following measured value indicates a temperature which is higher by a certain amount than the preceding stored measured value, and the heater is cut in or remains cut in whenever the following measured value indicates a temperature which is lower by a certain amount than the preceding stored measured value.

Abstract: To be able to determine an ice or snow formation reliably, a cold conductor connected to an electrical power source is provided, with which the heat abstraction intensely occurring due to ice or snow is measured and used as a signal for ice or snow formation. The intensified heat abstraction on the cold conductor is determined by a current meter for determining an increased power consumption or by a thermistor which is in heat-conductive connection with the cold conductor and switches the power supply of the cold conductor on and off as a function of the temperature.