Abstract: The aim of the invention is to optimize the analysis of substances separated by gas chromatography with a gas chromatograph, comprising a separating device and a mass spectrometer situated down there from. To this end, a detector that detects the separated substances in a nondestructive manner is placed in-line between the output of the separating device and a controllable inlet valve of the mass spectrometer. An evaluating device situated down from the detector evaluates the detector signals and, based on the evaluation, controls the inlet valve for introducing predeterminable substances into the mass spectrometer.

Abstract: A separation-column unit includes a support plate having a groove formed therein on one side and running, for example, in the form of a spiral, and having a cover plate which bears against this side. In order to achieve the high separation capacity combined with a high load-bearing capacity with regard to the amount of sample flowing through, the depth (d) of the groove is preferably at least three times greater than its width. The base of the groove preferably has a rounded cross section, it being possible for the cover plate to contain a corresponding channel.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing a pressure differential in a first of two successive gas chromatographic separation columns of a valveless separation column arrangement includes the step of supplying a carrier gas at a controlled pressure to an inlet and outlet of the first separation column. Furthermore, the carrier gas pressure at the inlet of the first separation column is controlled by a command variable formed at least in part from a pressure at the outlet of the first separation column.

Abstract: A dosing device has a flow divider connected between a carrier gas source and a gas chromatography separating column, in particular a capillary column. The flow divider has a conduit with an opening and a chamber surrounding said conduit with a delivery line for the gas sample. The gas sample is taken from the sampling gas source through a metering valve with a metering loop at low pressure and passed, together with the carrier gas at higher pressure, into the flow divider. A pressure drop can be reversed by means of a reversing valve connected to the carrier gas source so that in a first switching position the sample can enter the chamber and in a second switching position a fraction of the sample corresponding to the dividing ratio in the flow divider can pass through the opening in the conduit into the separating column.

Abstract: Fluorescent brightener salts of the formula ##STR1## in which A denotes the anion of an anionic cellulose fluorescent brightener,R.sub.1 denotes alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl, aryl or cycloalkyl,R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 denote hydrogen or R.sub.1, or together, including the N atom, form a heterocyclic ring, andn denotes 1 or 2,are suitable for incorporation into paper-coating slips. The brightened coating slips are distinguished, inter alia, by the fact that the achievable greying limit is very high.

Abstract: Internal mixer with hydraulic cylinders (31 to 34) that are symmetrically disposed about the charging hopper (2). The floating weight (20) is driven via a movable crosspiece (22) and a shaft (21) for the floating weight. A low overall construction of the internal mixer is achieved. In the mixing operation position of the floating weight (20), the upper piston chambers (41) communicate with a first pressure reservoir (64), and the lower piston chambers (42) communicate with a second pressure reservoir (78), so that the hydraulic actuating mechanism (30) effects a resilient retention of the pistons (40) and hence of the floating weight (20), which therefore can retreat resiliently in the mixing operation position relative to the material that is to be mixed.

Abstract: Low-foam surface sizing agents for paper in the form of aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic alkali metal, amine or ammonium salt solutions of copolymers containing carboxylic acid semi-amide groups obtainable by reacting copolymers of maleic acid anhydride and diisobutylene and/or terpolymers of maleic acid anhydride, diisobutylene and a vinyl monomer copolymerizing with maleic acid anhydride, with from 5 to 50 mole percent, based on maleic acid anhydride groups, of a primary aliphatic or aromatic monoamine. The solutions may optionally contain urea or derivatives of urea.

Abstract: The device comprises a hoop with a hollow passage having a weight located within the hollow passage, such that the weight circulates in the hollow passage as the hoop is rhythmically rotated. The device also includes a counter capable of counting and displaying the weight's revolutions around the hoop and a sensor for determining and displaying the speed of the weight.

Abstract: Forgery-proof paper, which exhibits a distinct coloration when treated with an oxidizing agent and, if appropriate, a reducing agent, contains, as the reagent, a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein A represents N or C,B represents NR, O or S,R represents hydrogen or alkyl,X and Y represent hydrogen or customary substituents andn and m represent the numbers 1 or 2.

Abstract: The aqueous solution of a statistical terpolymer containing quaternized amino groups and having a regular chemical structure of(a) from 8 to 20%, by weight, of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate;(b) from 45 to 80%, by weight, of styrene; and(c) from 8 to 35%, by weight, of acrylonitrile;the sum of (a) to (c) being 100%, by weight, and at least 10% of the dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternized and the remainder protonated is suitable as cationic paper sizing agent.

Abstract: New surface-active phosphonic acid esters, which are inter alia suitable as emulsifiers and dispersants, a process for their preparation and emulsions and dispersions of water soluble polymers containing the new phosphonic acid esters and having high stability on storage.

Abstract: Non-crosslinking, water-soluble polyamines which can be obtained by reacting(A) basic polyureas which have been prepared by condensation of ureas with polyamines containing at least three amino groups, of which at least one is a tertiary amino group, or with mixtures of these polyamines with aliphatic, araliphatic, cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic polyamines containing two primary or two secondary amino groups or one primary or one secondary amino group, and optionally with .omega.-aminocarboxylic acids containing at least three carbon atoms, or lactams thereof,(B) polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes H or CH.sub.

Abstract: Non-crosslinking, water-soluble polyamines which can be obtained by reacting(A) basic polyureas which have been prepared by condensation of ureas with polyamines containing at least three amino groups, of which at least one is a tertiary amino group, or with mixtures of these polyamines with aliphatic, araliphatic, cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic polyamines containing two primary or two secondary amino groups or one primary or one secondary amino group, and optionally with .omega.-aminocarboxylic acids containing at least three carbon atoms, or lactams thereof,(B) polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes H or CH.sub.

Abstract: Cationic azo dyestuffs of the general formula ##STR1## wherein X.sup.(+) denotes an ammonium group,m denotes 0 or 1,R.sub.1 denotes hydrogen, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkoxy or halogen,R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another denote hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkoxy or acylamino,Z denotes halogen or a radical of the formula ##STR2## R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently of one another denote hydrogen, or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl or phenylethyl, it being possible for these radicals to be substituted by hydroxyl, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkoxy, chlorine or cyano and for the cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl and phenylethyl radical additionally to be substituted by C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl, orR.sub.4 and R.sub.5, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, denote a 5- or 6-membered ring,A denotes an aryl radical andAn.sup.(-) denotes an anion,are suitable for dyeing synthetic and natural materials.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyamines which are obtainable by reacting(A) one or more water-soluble or water-dispersible basic polyamides which have been prepared by condensation of aliphatic polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups and at least one secondary or tertiary amino group, or of mixtures of these polyamines and of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or heterocyclic polyamines containing two primary or two secondary amino groups or one primary and one secondary amino group, with saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing 4-10 carbon atoms, or with functional derivatives thereof and optionally with .omega.-aminocarboxylic acids containing at least 3 carbon atoms, or lactams thereof,(B) one or more polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes H or CH.sub.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of copper phthalocyanine-sulphonic acid salts of the formula ##STR1## in which Cu--Pc a copper phthalocyanine radical,m a number from 1.8 to 3.0,q a number from 1.0 to 2.0, with the proviso that the sum m+q is a number from 2.8 to 4.0, andM.sup..sym. a mixture of A.sub.n.sup..sym. and an ammonium ion of the formula ##STR2## wherein A.sup..sym. represents an alkali metal ion or NH.sub.4 ion,n represents a number from 0.8 to 2.0,m has the meaning indicated above,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 designate hydrogen, C.sub.1 --C.sub.4 --alkyl or a radical --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.p --H andR.sub.3 designates the radical --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.p --H,whereinp is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6,process for the preparation of these solutions and their use for dyeing paper.

Abstract: Water-soluble condensation products which are not self-crosslinking and are prepared from polyacidic amines and compounds which are polyfunctional towards amino groups, in an aqueous medium at temperatures from 0.degree. to 120.degree. C. and pH values above 6 in the presence of emulsifiers are used in the production of paper.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyamines which are obtainable by reacting(A) one or more water-soluble or water-dispersible basic polyamides which have been prepared by condensation of aliphatic polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups and at least one secondary or tertiary amino group, or of mixtures of these polyamines and of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or heterocyclic polyamines containing two primary or two secondary amino groups or one primary and one secondary amino group, with saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing 4-10 carbon atoms, or with functional derivatives thereof and optionally with .omega.-aminocarboxylic acids containing at least 3 carbon atoms, or lactams thereof,(B) one or more polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes H or CH.sub.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyalkylenepolyamines which are not self-crosslinking and contain quaternary dialkylammonium groups, and which are obtained by reaction of polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes hydrogen or methyl,y denotes the number 0 or 1 and the y's may be identical or different andx denotes a number from 2 to 15,with bifunctional compounds of the general formula ##STR2## in which z denotes a number from 1 to 6 andR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 denote lower alkyl or lower hydroxyalkyl, are suitable for use as auxiliaries in the manufacture of paper.

Abstract: Water-soluble amines which are not self-crosslinking and are obtainable by reacting(A) one or more water-soluble or water-dispersable amines containing amide groups, prepared by condensation of (a) 1 mol of dicarboxylic acid or functional derivatives thereof, (b) 0 to 30 mols of aminocarboxylic acids containing at least three C atoms, or lactams thereof, and (c) 1.4 to 30 mols of polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes H or CH.sub.3,y is in each case the same or different and denotes the number 0 or 1 andx denotes a number from 4 to 15,and(B) compounds which are polyfunctional towards amino groups, are suitable as agents for increasing the retention of fibres, fillers and pigments, for accelerating drainage during the production of paper and for working up effluents from paper machines.