Abstract: Provided herein are polynucleotides (e.g., plasmids), including transfer polynucleotides and landing pad polynucleotides, which are useful, e.g., in the generation of cell and virion libraries each expressing and encoding a protein of interest (e.g., viral entry proteins). The libraries described herein are further useful, e.g., in methods of assessing functional characteristics of the proteins of interest (e.g., neutralization of viral entry proteins by one or more antibodies).

Abstract: A temperature monitoring process for a refrigerator interior and a device for such monitoring. A monitoring unit is formed by a temperature sensitive element and a thermal buffer liquid in a transparent container. The monitoring unit container is placed in the refrigerator in any location to be monitored. The temperature is visually detected by observing a temperature related variable characteristic of the temperature sensitive element, such as the color of one or more areas of the temperature sensitive element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a serial data bus including a data line for transmitting electrical signals representing bit states and a plurality of multi-master subscribers between which messages can be exchanged via the data line in an event-driven manner according to the broadcast principle. At least two subscribers have a transceiver head, inductively connected to the data line, via which contactless electrical signals are picked up from the data line or transferred thereto. An amplifier (is galvanically connected to the data line and is adapted to receive electrical signals that have been inductively transferred by the at least two subscribers to the data line and to feed them back to the data line once amplified. Due to its inductive connection, the data bus is especially low-maintenance and also suitable for hazardous surroundings.

Abstract: A temperature monitoring process for a refrigerator interior and a device for such monitoring. A monitoring unit is formed by a temperature sensitive element and a thermal buffer liquid in a transparent container. The monitoring unit container is placed in the refrigerator in any location to be monitored. The temperature is visually detected by observing a temperature related variable characteristic of the temperature sensitive element, such as the color of one or more areas of the temperature sensitive element.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for measuring the heart pulse frequency, especially that of a moving test person for the purpose of a performance test, are disclosed. The mean value of the heart pulse frequency is determined from a measurement of the number of counted pulses of constant frequency which falls within a period of time defined by a predetermined number n of heart pulse periods E whereby the sum of the counted pulses is formed of three terms of a sum, the first term of which corresponds to the sum of the counted pulses within the period of time -1 to n -1, the second term of which corresponds to the negative value of the first term divided by the predetermined number n of heart pulse periods and the third term of which corresponds to the number of counted pulses within the period of time of n-1 to n. Signals detected at the body of a test person are amplified as a function of the peak value of the preceding signal and stored for a short time until the next signal is received.

Abstract: An ergometer including a generator, a cooling fan for the generator, and an electronic circuit control for compensating for the mechanical losses thereof whereby the electrical load of the generator can be maintained within pre-set values.