Abstract: A swing arm for moveably fitting wheels onto a support element, comprising at least two hollow arm parts, hollow-moulded using the internal high pressure moulding method. One of the arm parts has a connecting projection which is inserted into and fixed in an end section of an other of said arm parts. An exterior peripheral surface of the projection corresponds to an interior peripheral surface of the end section of the other arm part so that the one arm part can be connected to the other arm part.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a suspension arm that is constructed and arranged to elastically absorb transverse and longitudinal forces transferred from the wheels of a vehicle to the supporting structure. The supporting structure comprises two hollow rear axle supports, each formed by a high interior pressure metal forming process. The rear axle supports each have a variable cross-sectional shape and are connected to one another. Fastening devices are attached at opposite ends of each of the two hollow rear axle supports and are adapted for fastening the support structure to a vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hollow camshaft consisting of a metal or metal alloy or plastic which can be cold-formed and heat-treated and has a fiber flow parallel to the exterior contours of the camshaft, and to a method for producing it comprising the steps of:Placing a pipe outlet element and filling it with fluid;Sealing at least the pipe section to be widened;Applying an internal high pressure suitable for widening the pipe section to produce an intermediate product pre-form, wherein, while the internal high pressure is applied, the hollow pipe is compressed against a movable die in the direction of its long axis in such a way that accumulations of material occur at approximately those places where it is intended to create cams;Shaping the intermediate product pre-form into a shape corresponding to a final camshaft shape by means of the internal high pressure shaping method, so that cams are shaped at the desired locations;If necessary, finishing the cams by heat-treatment.

Abstract: A method for producing a hollow camshaft comprising i) forming a camshaft preform by providing a hollow metal pipe, expanding the hollow pipe at spaced longitudinal locations by applying pressurized fluid internally to the hollow pipe, axially compressing the hollow pipe during the expanding step to accumulate metal at the spaced longitudinal locations, the expanding and compressing steps forming a camshaft preform having cam preforms of associated predetermined widths in a longitudinal pipe direction; and ii) forming a final camshaft from the camshaft preform by axially compressing the camshaft preform while applying the pressurized fluid to reduce the predetermined widths of the cam preforms while shaping the camshaft preforms into the final camshaft, the final camshaft having cams of relatively smaller widths in the longitudinal direction than the predetermined widths of the cam preforms.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for forming hollow stepped shafts of cold-formable metal by internal high pressure with the following steps: provision of a tube outlet section and filling it with fluid; sealing at least the tube section to be widened; application of a suitable high internal pressure for widening the tube section; calibration of the workpiece by applying a high calibration pressure; maintenance of the calibration pressure while heading the tube along the longitudinal axis. Internal tools, also spring-loaded tools, are provided as supports in the tool.

Abstract: A framework, in particular an at least partially hollow framework, has nodes and members. The nodes are formed by at least a projection on a hollow framework member and by at least a further hollow member mounted and secured thereon. Also disclosed is a process for producing this framework and its use in land, air and water vehicles, in building construction, in civil and underground engineering, scaffolds, shelving systems and furniture.

Abstract: To form a commutator segmental ring, an intermediate stage commutator ring (4) is formed from a flat strip (1) of commutator material which is bent into essentially cylindrical tubular shape to form a blank (2) having a gap or crack (3) adjacent the ends of the strip. The commutator ring, upon forming of the commutator, is severed into commutator segments. The gap or crack of the blank is aligned with a ridge or rib in a forming punch press to form a groove within the essentially cylindrical tubular blank (2) so that, when the intermediate stage commutator ring (4) is made, a cylindrical portion (5) already dimensioned for the intermediate segmental ring and a flange portion (6) are made, with a groove in alignment with the gap or crack obtained during cold-flowing of the metal in the press by the guidance afforded by the rib or ridge in the gap or crack of the cylindrical tubular blank.