Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) source, including: a vessel having an inner vessel wall and an intermediate focus (IF) region; an EUV collector disposed inside the vessel, the EUV collector including a reflective surface configured to reflect EUV radiation toward the intermediate focus region, the reflective surface configured to directionally face the IF region of the vessel; a showerhead disposed along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall, the showerhead including a plurality of nozzles configured to introduce gas into the vessel; and one or more exhausts configured to remove gas introduced into the vessel, the one or more exhausts being oriented along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall so that the gas is caused to flow away from the EUV collector.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) source, including: a vessel having an inner vessel wall and an intermediate focus (IF) region; an EUV collector disposed inside the vessel, the EUV collector including a reflective surface configured to reflect EUV radiation toward the intermediate focus region, the reflective surface configured to directionally face the IF region of the vessel; a showerhead disposed along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall, the showerhead including a plurality of nozzles configured to introduce gas into the vessel; and one or more exhausts configured to remove gas introduced into the vessel, the one or more exhausts being oriented along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall so that the gas is caused to flow away from the EUV collector.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) source, including: a vessel having an inner vessel wall and an intermediate focus (IF) region; an EUV collector disposed inside the vessel, the EUV collector including a reflective surface configured to reflect EUV radiation toward the intermediate focus region, the reflective surface configured to directionally face the IF region of the vessel; a showerhead disposed along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall, the showerhead including a plurality of nozzles configured to introduce gas into the vessel; and one or more exhausts configured to remove gas introduced into the vessel, the one or more exhausts being oriented along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall so that the gas is caused to flow away from the EUV collector.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) source, including: a vessel having an inner vessel wall and an intermediate focus (IF) region; an EUV collector disposed inside the vessel, the EUV collector including a reflective surface configured to reflect EUV radiation toward the intermediate focus region, the reflective surface configured to directionally face the IF region of the vessel; a showerhead disposed along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall, the showerhead including a plurality of nozzles configured to introduce gas into the vessel; and one or more exhausts configured to remove gas introduced into the vessel, the one or more exhausts being oriented along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall so that the gas is caused to flow away from the EUV collector.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) source, including: a vessel having an inner vessel wall and an intermediate focus (IF) region; an EUV collector disposed inside the vessel, the EUV collector including a reflective surface configured to reflect EUV radiation toward the intermediate focus region, the reflective surface configured to directionally face the IF region of the vessel; a showerhead disposed along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall, the showerhead including a plurality of nozzles configured to introduce gas into the vessel; and one or more exhausts configured to remove gas introduced into the vessel, the one or more exhausts being oriented along at least a portion of the inner vessel wall so that the gas is caused to flow away from the EUV collector.

Abstract: A radiation system to generate a radiation emitting plasma, the radiation system include a fuel emitter to provide a fuel target at a plasma formation region, a first laser arranged to provide a first laser beam at the plasma formation region incident on the fuel target to generate a radiation emitting plasma, an imaging device arranged to obtain a first image of the radiation emitting plasma at the plasma formation region, the first image indicating at least one image property of the radiation emitting plasma, and a controller. The controller is arranged to receive the first image, and to generate at least one instruction based on the at least one image property of the radiation emitting plasma to modify operation of at least one component of the radiation system to reduce a detrimental effect of debris.

Abstract: A radiation system to generate a radiation emitting plasma, the radiation system include a fuel emitter to provide a fuel target at a plasma formation region, a first laser arranged to provide a first laser beam at the plasma formation region incident on the fuel target to generate a radiation emitting plasma, an imaging device arranged to obtain a first image of the radiation emitting plasma at the plasma formation region, the first image indicating at least one image property of the radiation emitting plasma, and a controller. The controller is arranged to receive the first image, and to generate at least one instruction based on the at least one image property of the radiation emitting plasma to modify operation of at least one component of the radiation system to reduce a detrimental effect of debris.

Abstract: A grating for EUV-radiation includes a plurality of reflecting lines. Each reflecting line includes a plurality of first reflecting dots, and a plurality of second reflecting dots arranged between each other. The first reflecting dots and the second reflecting dots are configured to reflect EUV-radiation with a mutual phase difference of 180±10 degrees mod 360 degrees.

Abstract: A grating for EUV-radiation includes a plurality of reflecting lines. Each reflecting line includes a plurality of first reflecting dots, and a plurality of second reflecting dots arranged between each other. The first reflecting dots and the second reflecting dots are configured to reflect EUV-radiation with a mutual phase difference of 180±10 degrees mod 360 degrees.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing a glass substrate with a durable coloured pattern, in which method the coloured patterns is allowed to fuse into the glass substrate during the melting of the glass substrate.