Abstract: A method for loading and unloading rail cars includes at least one car, having a frame and a superstructure, moved into loading and unloading positions. During unloading the car superstructure is lifted off from the frame with lifting devices to an unloading level, and after the lifting operation the superstructure is moved at the unloading level in a transverse direction with respect to a longitudinal plane of the car until the superstructure is seated completely on a loading and unloading face. During loading the superstructure is moved from the loading and unloading face in a transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal plane of the car to above the frame and the superstructure is lowered, by lifting devices, onto the frame located in the loading and unloading positions. The lifting and lowering of the superstructures is carried out by lifting devices that are anchored to the track bed or secured to a platform.

Abstract: The invention relates to a traction vehicle (21) for semi-trailers (3), preferably for loading and unloading the semi-trailers (3) onto and off of a freight train (18), in particular, as part of the rolling highway, wherein the freight train (18) comprises several freight cars coupled to one another, in particular low-floor railcars (10), and a continuous driving lane in the longitudinal direction (20) of the train for moving the semi-trailers (3) on the freight train (18), wherein the traction vehicle (21) is unmanned and self-propelled, as well as a tractor-trailer unit (30) formed from the traction vehicle (21) and a semi-trailer (3), a method for transferring semi-trailers (3) from the railway (12) to the roadway and vice versa, as well as a freight transfer terminal thereto, and a method for transferring semi-trailers (3) from the railway (12) to the roadway and vice versa and for transporting the semi-trailers (3) on the railway (12).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for loading and unloading rail cars, wherein at least one car, having a car frame (40) and a car superstructure (1), is moved into a loading and unloading position, and: a) when unloading takes place, the car superstructure (1) is lifted off from the car frame by means of lifting devices (101, 111; 201, 221) to an unloading level, and after the lifting operation the car superstructure (1) is moved at the unloading level in a transverse direction with respect to a longitudinal plane (7) of the car until the car superstructure (1) is seated completely on a loading and unloading face (140), and b) when loading takes place, the car superstructure (1) is moved from the loading and unloading face (140) in a transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal plane (7) of the car to above the car frame (40) and the car superstructure (1) is lowered, by means of the lifting devices (101, 111; 201,221), onto the car frame (40) which is located in the loading and unloading positi

Abstract: This invention relates to a microfilm-enlarging apparatus comprising means adapted to provide a source of light to expose photosensitive material through a microfilm to be enlarged, sensing means adapted to sense the intensity of the light transmitted, in use of the apparatus, by the entire area of the microfilm to be enlarged substantially only within a wavelength range of from 360 to 560 nm, and control means adapted to control the total amount of light to which the photosensitive material is exposed in an enlargement step in dependence upon the value of the intensity sensed by the sensing means.