Abstract: Pieces of coke of high density and strength are made continuously from fine particles of bituminous or subbituminous or lignite coals or of mixtures thereof. The particles are generally oxygenated, mixed with water, compressed to squeeze out some of the water to obtain single bodies which are heat processed lying on a traveling grate on which they undergo drying, pyrolyzing, carbonizing and cooling.Modifications include mixing in with the coal material(s) listed above, coke fines or char or anthracite coal; or limestone; or carbon-reducible oxides such as oxidic ores of Fe, Mn, Cr and quartzite in recited important proportions. Such formed coke bodies are useable in a submerged arc furnace or in a blast furnace or in an open hearth to produce desired intermediate or end metallic products. The pieces of coke with incorporated fine limestone burn without developing SO.sub.2.

Abstract: Composite pieces of high density and strength are made continuously from mixtures of fine particles of bituminous or subbituminous or lignite coals and particles of carbon reducible oxides. The particles are mixed with water, compressed to squeeze out some of the water to obtain single bodies which are heat processed lying on a traveling grate on which the composites undergo drying, pyrolyzing, carbonizing and cooling.A modification includes mixing in with the coal material(s) listed above, coke fines or char or anthracite coal. The carbon reducible oxides utilized are such as the oxidic ores of Fe, Mn, Cr and quartzite in recited important proportions that make the formed composite bodies usable in a submerged arc furnace or in a low shaft blast furnace or in an open hearth to produce desired intermediate or end metallic products such as ferromanganese, Fe-Cr base metal for stainless steel, iron, ferro-alloys or silicon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of self-reducing compacts as a feed material for a submerged electric arc furnace. The compacts are comprised of finely-divided carbon-reducible oxide materials, such as, the oxides of silicon, iron, manganese, chromium or nickel, or mixtures thereof, and a carbonaceous source material. The compacts may also contain a slag-forming additive. The particle size of the components is less than about 0.2 mm. The particles are mixed in appropriate weight ratios to yield the desired product, for example, silicon, iron, or iron alloy. Water is incorporated into the mixture by alternately stirring and pressing to produce densified agglomerates. Sufficient water is added that the subsequent compaction step squeezes out at least about 1% of the incorporated water. The agglomerates are compacted, suitably by means of a double rolls, which exert a maximum momentary pressure of from about 300 to about 4000 kg per linear cm of roll width, to form a compacted product.

Abstract: The strength and density of a metallurgical coke produced in a slot coke oven are both increased by replacing at least a part of the normal loose charge in the oven with compacted materials and fragments thereof made from a mixture of particularly sized particulate fusible bituminous coal particles, non-fusible particles of a material compatible with the burden of a blast furnace, and water. During compacting the pressure and the moisture content of the mix are such that at least some water is squeezed out of the mix. The non-fusible materials that are useful include non-coking coals, poorly coking coals, other carbonaceous materials, such as coke breeze, char, anthracite, lignite, and iron oxide-bearing materials, such as iron ores and waste materials from steel plants. At least a major proportion of the fusible particles and at least a substantial proportion of the non-fusible particles are smaller than about 0.15 mm.

Abstract: Sulfur dioxide in the combustion gases from steam-generating systems is removed therefrom by mixing the gases in a reaction chamber, for a period of from 2 seconds to about 15 seconds with dry, finely divided, reactive, lime-bearing material, and then separating most of the reacted particles in a settling chamber. The reaction and settling chambers are located between the boiler and the economizer, between the economizer and the air preheater, or between the air preheater and the precipitator, with the gases being diverted through the chambers and then returned to their normal flow path. A portion of the reacted particles from the settling chamber are mixed and ground with fresh particles of lime-bearing material and recycled back through the reaction chamber, the mixture being heated, if desired, before being introduced into the latter.