Abstract: A paving element has a body with oppositely directed major faces interconnected by a peripheral side wall. One of said major faces is generally planar and has at least one set of a plurality of predefined areas formed thereon. Adjacent areas of the set have a surface finish to provide a contrasting visual effect relative to other areas of the set. The finish and disposition of the areas is configured to provide a representation of abutting orthogonally disposed surfaces so that when a plurality of such sets is arranged in seriatim, a visual impression of stepped surfaces at different levels is provided.

Abstract: An angular paving stone (2) for paving areas, comprising two outer sides (16), two inner sides (18) and two face sides (20). At the five outer corners (4) of the angular paving stone (2) there are provided quarter recesses (22). At the center of the outer sides (16) of the angular paving stone (2) there are provided half recesses (24). At the inner corner (6) of the angular paving stone (2) there is provided a three-quarter recess (26). The partial recesses (22, 24, 26) supplement each other in the paved area so as to form full recesses (38) for water discharge.

Abstract: Modular interlocking paving elements of uniform configuration are provided each in the form of a substantially right angular body bounded peripherally by two outer sides meeting at an outer angle apex, two inner sides meeting at an inner angle apex and two front sides each extending between respective ends of an inner side and an outer side, with dummy joint gaps formed in and extending across the top side of the body each from the inner angle apex to a midpoint of one of the outer sides. The inner sides, front sides, half sections of outer sides and dummy gaps are of substantially the same length, and each has longitudinal portions thereof projecting outside and/or recessed inside a straight base line between the ends thereof, so that the top side of each element appears to be composed of three four-sided elemental units disposed side by side and two or more of the elements will interlock laterally yet present the same surface appearance in any of a variety of side-by-side orientations.

Abstract: A method of producing a ground covering from individual paving stones by arranging a group of individual paving stones in the form of a section of the ground covering to be produced, grasping the group by means of a lateral compressive force from two opposed sides leaving out the lower range of the paving stones in laid condition, hoisting and moving the group thus grasped to the place of laying, and depositing the group there. The vertical distribution of the compressive force is so selected that it is greater in the lower range of grasp than in the upper range of grasp.An apparatus for carrying out this method includes a laying vehicle which carries a gripping tongs, the gripping faces of which are movable at least vertically by a means of the laying vehicle and are formed by linings diverging from the bottom to the top.

Abstract: A ground covering slab is subdivided into neighboring preformed individual stones interconnected along rupture zones of which at least parts extend non-rectilinearly from one edge of the slab to the opposite edge of the slab as seen in plan view and the preformed individual stones are of at least two kinds differing in size distributed throughout the slab.

Abstract: Apparatus for taking paving elements from a store of such elements, moving them over a placing position and placing them successively onto the subsoil. In one preferred form the apparatus comprises a fork-lift truck having a mast, a jib carried by that mast, swivel means permitting the jib to be swivelled about an upright swivelling axis, a trolley adapted to run along the jib, elevator means for raising and lowering the load carrier, and the arrangement being such that the load carrier can take the paving elements from the store irrespective of the swivelling position of the jib. In a second preferred form the arrangement is such that the load carrier having a plurality of suction apertures to engage respective paving elements can take the paving elements as they have passed an aligning device for a simultaneous alignment of a plurality of roughly aligned paving elements.

Abstract: A slab element for covering the ground is made e.g. of concrete and forms as a single piece. It has a head portion and a stem portion meeting at a notional meeting surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite paving structure consisting of elements forming a pattern. The structure is made up of laying units each of which has a group of elements adjoining at their respective peripheries and held together by predetermined rupture zones. Supplementing stones are disposed at the boundaries of adjacent units. The stones have one or more elements and extend, in each case, into recesses in both of two adjacent units. Preferably, the stones are of one shape and the pattern is a herringbone pattern. The units may be offset relative to one another in the herringbone pattern.