Abstract: A method for smelting low-phosphorus high-manganese steel based on reduction dephosphorization of ferromanganese is provided in the present application, relating to the technical field of high-manganese steel smelting, where the dephosphorization of ferromanganese is carried out under reducing atmosphere conditions through mediate-frequency induction furnace to obtain molten ferromanganese with lower phosphorus content, which is subsequently mixed with low phosphorus molten steel obtained by smelting in oxidative period of electric arc furnace in LF ladle refining furnace to make the Mn content of steel reach the requirement of high-manganese steel, and smelting is carried out under the condition of reducing atmosphere by adjusting the composition and temperature of the molten steel to meet the requirements of the target composition of the steel grade before tapping the steel.

Abstract: Various embodiments described herein relate to methods, apparatuses, and systems for recovering gas sensors from silicone poisoning. In an example embodiment, a method of recovering a gas sensing apparatus from silicone poisoning is provided. The method includes exposing the gas sensing apparatus to a predetermined hydrogen concentration for a period of hydrogen exposure time. The predetermined hydrogen concentration breaks down the silicon oxide bonds formed on a catalytic bead of the gas sensing apparatus. The method also includes providing a methane concentration to the gas sensing apparatus for a period of methane exposure time. The method further includes determining that the gas sensing apparatus satisfies a predetermined calibration sensitivity based on the reaction of the gas sensing apparatus to the methane concentration.

Abstract: Various embodiments described herein relate to methods, apparatuses, and systems for recovering gas sensors from silicone poisoning. In an example embodiment, a method of recovering a gas sensing apparatus from silicone poisoning is provided. The method includes exposing the gas sensing apparatus to a predetermined hydrogen concentration for a period of hydrogen exposure time. The predetermined hydrogen concentration breaks down the silicon oxide bonds formed on a catalytic bead of the gas sensing apparatus. The method also includes providing a methane concentration to the gas sensing apparatus for a period of methane exposure time. The method further includes determining that the gas sensing apparatus satisfies a predetermined calibration sensitivity based on the reaction of the gas sensing apparatus to the methane concentration.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to systems and methods for preventing reaction between a sealing material (epoxy) and an electrolyte material within a carbon monoxide (or other gas) sensor. In general, the electrochemical sensor disclosed herein comprises a gas diffusion working electrode, a counter electrode, and optionally, a reference electrode. Each electrode is in contact with an aqueous electrolyte. The gas sensor may comprise a tab located proximate to gaps in the housing of the sensor, wherein the tab prevents any sealing material that fills the gaps from entering the interior of the housing. In some embodiments, the tab may be attached to a counter electrode. In some embodiments, the housing may comprise a slot located about the gaps, wherein the tab fits into the slot of the housing.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and medium for sharing a photo are provided. The method includes: determining a target user for an operation; acquiring a target photo containing a physical characteristic of the target user from stored photos; and sending the target photo to a communication client of the target user.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to systems and methods for preventing reaction between a sealing material (epoxy) and an electrolyte material within a carbon monoxide (or other gas) sensor. In general, the electrochemical sensor disclosed herein comprises a gas diffusion working electrode, a counter electrode, and optionally, a reference electrode. Each electrode is in contact with an aqueous electrolyte. The gas sensor may comprise a tab located proximate to gaps in the housing of the sensor, wherein the tab prevents any sealing material that fills the gaps from entering the interior of the housing. In some embodiments, the tab may be attached to a counter electrode. In some embodiments, the housing may comprise a slot located about the gaps, wherein the tab fits into the slot of the housing.

Abstract: A nano-pearlite rail and a process for manufacturing the same wherein the rail has excellent mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of no less than 1300 MPa, a yield strength of no less than 1000 MPa, a hardness of HRC 44-47, and an elongation of no less than 10%, as well as excellent wear resistance and fatigue resistance, and is particularly suitable for applications in heavy-haul railways, especially for the railway segments having a sharp turn, and for a wing rail in a bainite steel combined frog.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and medium for sharing a photo are provided. The method includes: determining a target user for an operation; acquiring a target photo containing a physical characteristic of the target user from stored photos; and sending the target photo to a communication client of the target user.

Abstract: This application discloses a novel process to synthesize 8-[{1-(3,5-Bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-ethoxy}-methyl]-8-phenyl-1,7-diaza-spiro[4.5]decan-2-one compounds, which may be used, for example, as NK-1 inhibitor compounds in pharmaceutical preparations, intermediates useful in said process, and processes for preparing said intermediates; also disclosed is a process for removal of metals from N-heterocyclic carbine metal complexes.

Abstract: This application discloses a novel process to synthesize 8-[{1-(3,5-Bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-ethoxy}-methyl]-8-phenyl-1,7-diaza-spiro[4.5]decan-2-one compounds, which may be used, for example, as NK-1 inhibitor compounds in pharmaceutical preparations, intermediates useful in said process, and processes for preparing said intermediates; also disclosed is a process for removal of metals from N-heterocyclic carbine metal complexes.

Abstract: This application discloses a novel process to synthesize 8-[{1-(3,5-Bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-ethoxy}-methyl]-8-phenyl-1,7-diaza-spiro[4.5]decan-2-one compounds, which may be used, for example, as NK-1 inhibitor compounds in pharmaceutical preparations, intermediates useful in said process, and processes for preparing said intermediates; also disclosed is a process for removal of metals from N-heterocyclic carbine metal complexes.

Abstract: A nano-pearlite rail, which is a steel rail having an internal microstructure of 100% pearlite with an average interlamellar spacing of pearlite of 55-70 nm, and containing 0.83 to 0.93 of C, 0.05 to 0.10 of Mn, a certain content of Al and Si, 1.0 to 1.5 of Cr, 0.1 to 0.3 of Co, 0.35 to 0.55 of Zr, 0.02 to 0.06 of Mg, 0.01 to 0.05 of Cu, less than 0.025 of S, less than 0.025 of P, and the balance Fe, wherein the content of Al is 8 to 12 times the content of Mn and the collective content of Al and Si is 1.5 (in wt. %). A process for manufacturing the nano-pearlite rail mainly comprises subjecting a molten steel to refining and continuous casting and roiling to form a rail, in combination with controlled cooling of the rail after rolling, and stress relieving and tempering treatment. The manufacturing process of the present invention is simple, and easy to be operated in a large scale.

Abstract: A method for producing low temperature bainite steel containing aluminum may include providing an alloy steel containing aluminum, carbon, chromium, silicon, molybdenum, manganese and nickel, wherein the amount of aluminum is in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 wt. %, and the amount of carbon is in the range of 0.2 to 1.1 wt. %; smelting to convert the alloy steel into a molten steel, followed by subjecting to refining and vacuum degassing, and then subjected to rolling or forging; heating the steel to 880-950° C., cooling the steel to Ms+10° C. at a rate higher than 50° C./min, continuously and slowly cooling the steel from Ms+10° C. to Ms×100×C(wt %)° C., holding the steel at a temperature of 250° C. to 350° C. for 20 to 30 min, and then air cooling the steel to room temperature, holding the steel at a temperature of 180° C. to 280° C. for 60 min, and then air cooling the steel to room temperature.

Abstract: This application discloses a novel process to synthesize 8-[{1-(3,5-Bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-ethoxy}-methyl]-8-phenyl-1,7-diaza-spiro[4.5]decan-2-one compounds, which may be used, for example, as NK-1 inhibitor compounds in pharmaceutical preparations, intermediates useful in said process, and processes for preparing said intermediates; also disclosed is a process for removal of metals from N-heterocyclic carbine metal complexes.

Abstract: A process for preparing xanthine phosphodiesterase V inhibitors, and compounds utilized in said process. The process includes a five-step methodology for efficient synthesis of Compound 5 without intermediate purifications or separations, a dihalogenation step to synthesize Compound 7, and a coupling reaction to produce Compound 9.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present application relates to a process of making a compound of formula I: and to certain intermediate compounds that are made within the process of making the compound of formula I.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present application relates to a process of making a compound of formula I: and to certain intermediate compounds that are made within the process of making the compound of formula I.

Abstract: A process for preparing xanthine phosphodiesterase V inhibitors, and compounds utilized in said process. The process includes a five-step methodology for efficient synthesis of Compound 5 without intermediate purifications or separations, a dihalogenation step to synthesize Compound 7, and a coupling reaction to produce Compound 9.

Abstract: A process for preparing xanthine phosphodiesterase V inhibitors, and compounds utilized in said process.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present application relates to a process of making a compound of formula I: and to certain intermediate compounds that are made within the process of making the compound of formula I.