Abstract: Systems and methods for parallel sorting of seismic data are disclosed. The methods include obtaining a seismic dataset comprising a plurality of shot gathers; dividing headers from the plurality of shot gathers among a plurality of computer nodes; sorting the headers separately on each of the plurality of computer nodes; saving the sorted headers from the plurality of computer nodes to a temporary file; sorting the sorted headers saved to the temporary file into a cross spread gather ordering; and sorting seismic traces according to the cross spread gather ordering to create cross spread gathers. The methods further include applying a seismic imaging algorithm to the cross spread gathers to create a seismic image.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improving the efficiency of ALFT are disclosed. The methods include obtaining a seismic dataset of a subterranean region, generating a window function, transforming the seismic dataset from a first domain to a second domain using a transform function, and transforming the window function from the first domain to the second domain using the transform function. The methods also include generating an input spectrum from the transformed seismic dataset, iteratively, or recursively, until a condition is met, for each slice, estimating a weight function, generating a weighted input spectrum, identifying a strongest attribute, determining an output spectrum based on the identified strongest attribute, and updating the input spectrum by removing the identified strongest attribute.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining various cross-spread gathers regarding a geological region of interest. The method may further include determining traveltime table data based on the cross-spread gathers. The method may further include transmitting the cross-spread gathers to various parallel processing groups in a parallel processing network. A respective cross-spread gather among the cross-spread gathers may be transmitted to a respective parallel processing group among the parallel processing groups. The method may further include determining, by various parallel processing nodes in the respective parallel processing group, a first subset of a migrated dataset using the respective cross-spread gather, a subset of the traveltime table data, a velocity model, and a migration function. The method may further include generating, based on various subsets of the migrated dataset that includes the first subset, a first seismic image of the geological region of interest.

Abstract: A method of determining a presence of hydrocarbons is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a surface seismic dataset, composed of a plurality of seismic gathers, determining a redatumed gather for a target horizon based on the seismic gather, determining a time window of the redatumed gather around the target horizon, and determining a spectrum of a portion within the time window. The method further includes determining a hydrocarbon indicator based, at least in part, on an amplitude of a higher-frequency portion and lower-frequency portion of the spectrum of the plurality of seismic gathers, determining a geographic map of values of the hydrocarbon indicator from the plurality of seismic gathers, and determining a presence of hydrocarbons based, at least in part, on at least one anomalous value on the geographic map. A system including a seismic acquisition system and a seismic processor for executing the method is disclosed.

Abstract: A method (600) and a system (1000) for generating an adaptive migration taper for a pre-stack seismic dataset are disclosed. The method (600) includes obtaining the pre-stack seismic dataset (602) and a seismic velocity model of a subterranean region (604). The method (600) also includes generating the adaptive migration taper based, at least in part, on the pre-stack seismic dataset (606), and forming a migrated seismic image using a migration function, the seismic velocity model, the pre-stack seismic dataset, and the adaptive migration taper (608). The method (600) further includes determining a location of a hydrocarbon reservoir based, at least in part, on the migrated seismic image (610).

Abstract: Methods and systems for improving the efficiency of ALFT are disclosed. The methods include obtaining a seismic dataset of a subterranean region, transforming the seismic dataset from a first domain to a second domain using a transform function, and generating an input spectrum from the transformed seismic dataset. The methods also include iteratively, or recursively, until a condition is met, for each slice, estimating a weight function using the input spectrum, generating a weighted input spectrum using the weight function and the input spectrum, identifying a strongest attribute from the weighted input spectrum, determining an output spectrum based on the identified strongest attribute, and updating the input spectrum by removing the identified strongest attribute from the input spectrum. The methods further include determining an output spectrum volume by combining the output spectrum for each slice, generating an output seismic dataset using an inverse transform function and the output spectrum volume.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improving the efficiency of ALFT are disclosed. The methods include obtaining a seismic dataset of a subterranean region, transforming the seismic dataset from a first domain to a second domain using a transform function, and generating an input spectrum from the transformed seismic dataset. The methods also include iteratively, or recursively, until a condition is met, for each slice, estimating a weight function using the input spectrum, generating a weighted input spectrum using the weight function and the input spectrum, identifying a strongest attribute from the weighted input spectrum, determining an output spectrum based on the identified strongest attribute, and updating the input spectrum by removing the identified strongest attribute from the input spectrum. The methods further include determining an output spectrum volume by combining the output spectrum for each slice, generating an output seismic dataset using an inverse transform function and the output spectrum volume.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improving the efficiency of ALFT are disclosed. The methods include obtaining a seismic dataset of a subterranean region, generating a window function, transforming the seismic dataset from a first domain to a second domain using a transform function, and transforming the window function from the first domain to the second domain using the transform function. The methods also include generating an input spectrum from the transformed seismic dataset, iteratively, or recursively, until a condition is met, for each slice, estimating a weight function, generating a weighted input spectrum, identifying a strongest attribute, determining an output spectrum based on the identified strongest attribute, and updating the input spectrum by removing the identified strongest attribute.

Abstract: Systems and methods for seismic imaging of a subterranean geological formation include receiving parameter data representing one or more parameters of a seismic survey, the seismic data specifying an incident angle and an azimuth angle for each trace of the seismic survey; determining a relationship between the incident angle and the azimuth angle for each trace and a location in a spiral coordinate system, and generating a weighting function for applying a weight value to each trace seismic data based on the incident angle and the azimuth angle associated with each trace; and determining a residual moveout value of the seismic data for each location in the spiral coordinate system by applying the weighting function to each; and generating a seismic image representing the residual moveout value of the seismic data for each location in the spiral coordinate system.

Abstract: Systems and methods for generating seismic images of subterranean features including: receiving raw seismic data of a subterranean formation; selecting a portion of the raw seismic data; transforming the selected portion of the raw seismic data from a first domain to a second domain; generating soft constraint data corresponding to the selected portion of the raw seismic data; calculating at least one weight using the generated soft constraint data; generating a weighted transformed data set by applying at least one weight to the transformed selected portion of the raw seismic data; selecting at least one data point of the generated weighted transformed data set; and removing the selected at least one data point from the weighted transformed data set to generate revised seismic data.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods and systems, including computer-implemented methods, computer program products, and computer systems, for suppressing noises in seismic data. One computer-implemented method includes receiving, at a data processing apparatus, a set of seismic data associated with a subsurface region; flattening, by the data processing apparatus, the set of seismic data according to an identified seismic event; dividing, by the data processing apparatus, the set of seismic data into a plurality of spatial windows; randomizing, by the data processing apparatus, the set of seismic data according to a random sequential order; filtering, by the data processing apparatus, the randomized seismic data; and reorganizing, by the data processing apparatus, the filtered seismic data according to a pre-randomization order.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, systems, and computer-readable medium for a full seismic wavefield de-aliasing workflow. To achieve the de-aliasing, the workflow employs a four-dimension (4D) anti-leakage anti-aliasing regularization algorithm. The workflow involves application of successive de-aliasing steps while restricting computations only to the significant spatial dimensions. In areas of strong elastic property variation in the near-surface, the benefit of de-aliasing the full wavefield is both significant and demonstrable. In addition to achieving de-aliased sampling of the full wavefield, the workflow reduces the complexity of both the computational and geophysical aspects of the problem of de-aliasing full wavefields.

Abstract: Systems and methods for seismic imaging of a subterranean geological formation include receiving parameter data representing one or more parameters of a seismic survey, the seismic data specifying an incident angle and an azimuth angle for each trace of the seismic survey; determining a relationship between the incident angle and the azimuth angle for each trace and a location in a spiral coordinate system, and generating a weighting function for applying a weight value to each trace seismic data based on the incident angle and the azimuth angle associated with each trace; and determining a residual moveout value of the seismic data for each location in the spiral coordinate system by applying the weighting function to each; and generating a seismic image representing the residual moveout value of the seismic data for each location in the spiral coordinate system.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods and systems, including computer-implemented methods, computer program products, and computer systems, for generating a velocity model for a subsurface structure. One computer-implemented method for determining velocity model for a subsurface structure includes generating, by at least one hardware processor, a first velocity model for the subsurface structure by performing a refraction traveltime tomography procedure based on an initial velocity model; and generating, by the at least one hardware processor, a first refined velocity model based on the first velocity model and a structure skeleton model, wherein the structure skeleton model is determined based on reflection seismic data of the subsurface structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, systems, and computer-readable medium for a full seismic wavefield de-aliasing workflow. To achieve the de-aliasing, the workflow employs a four-dimension (4D) anti-leakage anti-aliasing regularization algorithm. The workflow involves application of successive de-aliasing steps while restricting computations only to the significant spatial dimensions. In areas of strong elastic property variation in the near-surface, the benefit of de-aliasing the full wavefield is both significant and demonstrable. In addition to achieving de-aliased sampling of the full wavefield, the workflow reduces the complexity of both the computational and geophysical aspects of the problem of de-aliasing full wavefields.

Abstract: Systems and methods for generating seismic images of subterranean features including: receiving raw seismic data of a subterranean formation; selecting a portion of the raw seismic data; transforming the selected portion of the raw seismic data from a first domain to a second domain; generating soft constraint data corresponding to the selected portion of the raw seismic data; calculating at least one weight using the generated soft constraint data; generating a weighted transformed data set by applying at least one weight to the transformed selected portion of the raw seismic data; selecting at least one data point of the generated weighted transformed data set; and removing the selected at least one data point from the weighted transformed data set to generate revised seismic data.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods and systems, including computer-implemented methods, computer program products, and computer systems, for generating a velocity model for a subsurface structure. One computer-implemented method for determining velocity model for a subsurface structure includes generating, by at least one hardware processor, a first velocity model for the subsurface structure by performing a refraction traveltime tomography procedure based on an initial velocity model; and generating, by the at least one hardware processor, a first refined velocity model based on the first velocity model and a structure skeleton model, wherein the structure skeleton model is determined based on reflection seismic data of the subsurface structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods and systems, including computer-implemented methods, computer program products, and computer systems, for suppressing noises in seismic data. One computer-implemented method includes receiving, at a data processing apparatus, a set of seismic data associated with a subsurface region; flattening, by the data processing apparatus, the set of seismic data according to an identified seismic event; dividing, by the data processing apparatus, the set of seismic data into a plurality of spatial windows; randomizing, by the data processing apparatus, the set of seismic data according to a random sequential order; filtering, by the data processing apparatus, the randomized seismic data; and reorganizing, by the data processing apparatus, the filtered seismic data according to a pre-randomization order.

Abstract: The present invention incorporates the use of model-driven and data-driven methodologies to attenuate multiples in seismic data utilizing a prediction model which includes multiply-reflected, surface-related seismic waves. The present invention includes beam techniques and convolving a predicted multiples beam with a segment of a modeled pegleg beam to obtain a convolved multiples beam. The convolved multiples beam can then he deconvolved to attenuate the multiples that are present in the original input beam.

Abstract: The present invention incorporates the use of model-driven and data-driven methodologies to attenuate multiples in seismic data utilizing a prediction model which includes multiply-reflected, surface-related seismic waves. The present invention includes beam techniques and convolving a predicted multiples beam with a segment of a modeled pegleg beam to obtain a convolved multiples beam. The convolved multiples beam can then he deconvolved to attenuate the multiples that are present in the original input beam.