Abstract: Provided are a light source device that can achieve higher accuracy while maintaining reliability by reducing stray light, and a photoelectric encoder including the same. A light source device 2 includes a translucent member 10 configured to accommodate a light emitting unit 5 thereinside, and to make light emitted from the light emitting unit 5, into parallel light. The translucent member 10 includes an optical axis plane 11, an orthogonal plane 12, a reflection portion configured to make light from the light emitting unit 5, into parallel light, and a connection portion 14 formed by the optical axis plane 11 and the orthogonal plane 12 connecting to each other, and having a curved surface. A central axis AX of the curved surface is in an outside region of the translucent member 10, and a region between the optical axis plane 11 and the orthogonal plane 12.

Abstract: Provided are a light source device that can achieve higher accuracy while maintaining reliability by reducing stray light, and a photoelectric encoder including the same. A light source device 2 includes a translucent member 10 configured to accommodate a light emitting unit 5 thereinside, and to make light emitted from the light emitting unit 5, into parallel light. The translucent member 10 includes an optical axis plane 11, an orthogonal plane 12, a reflection portion configured to make light from the light emitting unit 5, into parallel light, and a connection portion 14 formed by the optical axis plane 11 and the orthogonal plane 12 connecting to each other, and having a curved surface. A central axis AX of the curved surface is in an outside region of the translucent member 10, and a region between the optical axis plane 11 and the orthogonal plane 12.

Abstract: An induction type position measuring apparatus includes a scale and a sensor. The scale includes a track having a plurality of control patterns provided at equal intervals along a measurement reference line to control flow of an induced current, and a first edge portion and a second edge portion located on both sides of the measurement reference line. The sensor is provided to be capable of moving relatively to the scale along the measurement reference line to detect an induced current. The scale includes regulation patterns at least between the track and the first edge portion or between the track and the second edge portion to regulate a flow of an induced current.

Abstract: A linear encoder includes a plate-type scale and a head which moves along the longitudinal direction of the scale. The scale has graduations formed on a surface of the scale and arranged along the longitudinal direction of the scale. The head includes a reading part which detects an amount of a relative movement of the head with respect to the scale by reading graduations formed on the scale. The head includes four bearings each having a rotation axis extending along the transverse direction of the scale. Each of the bearings is situated on the head so as to abut against a surface of the scale, to function as a spacer to maintain a distance between the scale and the head. The scale acts as a plate member interposed between the reading part and the graduations.

Abstract: A scale for a photoelectric encoder includes a scale substrate and a reflection film formed at a predetermined pitch on the scale substrate. A surface of the reflection film forms a reflection surface. A low-reflection surface is formed by etching the scale substrate between reflection films. Accordingly, a scale can be provided which is lower in cost and has favorable yield rates.

Abstract: A scale of a photoelectric encoder includes a base member and gratings on the base member. The gratings can be formed on the surface of the base member by plating and arranged at a prescribed pitch on the base member. The surface of the base member is a roughened surface which is roughened by sandblasting or with a chemical. The gratings are light absorptive gratings or light reflective metal gratings.

Abstract: An induction type position measuring apparatus includes a scale and a sensor. The scale includes a track having a plurality of control patterns provided at equal intervals along a measurement reference line to control flow of an induced current, and a first edge portion and a second edge portion located on both sides of the measurement reference line. The sensor is provided to be capable of moving relatively to the scale along the measurement reference line to detect an induced current. The scale includes regulation patterns at least between the track and the first edge portion or between the track and the second edge portion to regulate a flow of an induced current.

Abstract: A linear encoder includes a plate-type scale and a head which moves along the longitudinal direction of the scale. The scale has graduations formed on a surface of the scale and arranged along the longitudinal direction of the scale. The head includes a reading part which detects an amount of a relative movement of the head with respect to the scale by reading graduations formed on the scale. The head includes four bearings each having a rotation axis extending along the transverse direction of the scale. Each of the bearings is situated on the head so as to abut against a surface of the scale, to function as a spacer to maintain a distance between the scale and the head. The scale acts as a plate member interposed between the reading part and the graduations.

Abstract: A scale for a photoelectric encoder includes a scale substrate and a reflection film formed at a predetermined pitch on the scale substrate. A surface of the reflection film forms a reflection surface. A low-reflection surface is formed by etching the scale substrate between reflection films. Accordingly, a scale can be provided which is lower in cost and has favorable yield rates.

Abstract: Provided is a hard disk drive device that can be formed in a small size, which is capable of maintaining the humidity inside the device to the initial manufacture humidity for a long term and capable of adjusting the difference between the pressures of the inside and outside the device. The hard disk drive device includes: a casing formed by an upper housing and a lower housing; and a magnetic disk as well as a magnetic head housed inside the casing. An intake port for adjusting a difference between pressures of inside and outside the casing is provided to the upper housing or the lower housing, and the intake port is sealed by a pressure-adjusting gel-type member from outer side. Further, the pressure-adjusting gel-type member is formed substantially in the same size as the aperture size of the intake port.

Abstract: Provided is a hard disk drive device that can be formed in a small size, which is capable of maintaining the humidity inside the device to the initial manufacture humidity for a long term and capable of adjusting the difference between the pressures of the inside and outside the device. The hard disk drive device includes: a casing formed by an upper housing and a lower housing; and a magnetic disk as well as a magnetic head housed inside the casing. An intake port for adjusting a difference between pressures of inside and outside the casing is provided to the upper housing or the lower housing, and the intake port is sealed by a pressure-adjusting gel-type member from outer side. Further, the pressure-adjusting gel-type member is formed substantially in the same size as the aperture size of the intake port.

Abstract: A surface reflection encoder scale is used with a surface reflection encoder for detecting a relative movement amount of a member for making a relative move. The surface reflection encoder scale includes a substrate of the member or a substrate provided on the member and a reflection phase grating provided on the substrate and having asperities for changing a phase of reflected diffracted light on its surface. The asperities of the phase grating are formed of a deposition film of metal silicide and chromium.

Abstract: A surface reflection encoder scale is used with a surface reflection encoder for detecting a relative movement amount of a member for making a relative move. The surface reflection encoder scale includes a substrate of the member or a substrate provided on the member and a reflection phase grating provided on the substrate and having asperities for changing a phase of reflected diffracted light on its surface. The asperities of the phase grating are formed of a deposition film of metal silicide and chromium.

Abstract: An overcoat for sufficiently preventing mechanical wear of a magnetic head slider caused by contact with a magnetic record medium is provided in a thin film head of a magnetic disk device.The magnetic head slider is provided with the overcoat constituted by a film including two layers of a silicon layer that is an adhesive layer and a diamond-like carbon layer that is a protective layer and the silicon layer includes nitrogen component. Further, nitrogen concentration of the silicon layer 2 ranges from 1 through 57%.The thickness of the silicon layer ranges from 5 through 300 angstroms and the thickness of the carbon layer ranges from 10 through 500 angstroms.

Abstract: This invention relates to a digital display type measuring instrument. In a case, a pair of scales including a main scale and an index scale are provided, the index scale is fixed in the case and the main scale is slidably supported by a guide provided in the case. A spindle is supported by the case in a manner to be movable in the axial direction thereof. One end of the spindle is provided with a measuring element, and the other is located within the case and is engaged with the bottom end portion of the main scale provided in the case. The main scale is constantly biased toward the spindle by a biasing device in a manner to be operationally associated with the other end of the spindle.

Abstract: In a planetary gear type transmission system for seven forward speeds and one rearward speed, a high speed stage gear train is disposed on an input side of a low speed stage gear train, a low speed use rotary clutch in the low speed stage gear train is constructed so as to directly couple a ring gear in the high speed stage gear train with a carrier in the high speed stage gear train, a first speed stage gear train is disposed on an output side of a second speed stage gear train, a carrier in the first speed stage gear train is coupled to an output shaft, and a fourth speed stage gear train, a third speed stage gear train and a reverse stage gear train are disposed between the low speed stage gear train and the second speed stage gear train.

Abstract: A system for controlling the pressure of hydraulic operating fluid selectively supplied from a pressurized hydraulic fluid source into an actuator or actuators for speed-change clutch-brakes of a multi-stage power shift transmission through hydraulic fluid circuits by the interposition of predetermined directional control valves selected from a plurality of directional control valves connected with the actuators, respectively, has a hydraulic fluid pressure control valve assembly including a pressure modulating valve, a modulating relief valve, and a device for raising a preset relief pressure of the modulating relief valve. The preset relief pressure raising device comprises a balance piston-cylinder assembly actuated by a pressurized pilot fluid supplied from the pressurized hydraulic fluid source.

Abstract: A vehicle power train of the type including a torque converter for coupling an internal combustion engine to a transmission, and a hydraulically actuated lockup clutch for bypassing the torque converter and mechanically coupling the engine to the transmission. The transmission is of the type having a plurality of hydraulically actuated shift clutches for selecting a desired speed ratio and a desired direction of vehicle travel. During each shift of the transmission a pressure control valve arrangement acts to temporarily drop and then gradually increase the pressurized fluid delivered to the transmission and to the lockup clutch. Interposed between the pressure control valve arrangement and the lockup clutch, a delay valve automatically closes to place the lockup clutch in communication with a fluid drain when the output pressure of the pressure control valve arrangement drops upon shifting of the transmission, and reopens when the output pressure rises to a predetermined level.