Abstract: A fluorescent liquid crystal display composition comprising a liquid crystal material absorbing little or no near ultraviolet light and a fluorescent material capable of emitting visible fluorescence, and a fluorescent liquid crystal display device comprising two parallel plates with the composition placed therebetween, at least one pair of electrodes and a voltage source for applying voltage to the composition to provide a self-luminescent brilliant active display with low power consumption by varying the luminescence efficiency of the fluorescent material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device containing a fluorescent material comprises a pair of electrodes, a pair of substrates, and an element for making liquid crystal mixtures in such a molecular orientation that the fluorescent materials generate no fluorescence at a selected portion of the pair of electrodes and accordingly no fluorescence penetrates through the liquid crystal mixtures. The element comprises a liquid crystal molecule orientation layer made of a layer of surfactant or electric power sources. The liquid crystal molecule orientation is formed over the pair of electrodes to produce a homeotropic orientation of a nematic mesophase. The electric power sources are applied to the pair of electrodes to form the homeotropic orientation of the nematic mesophase in a background area of the display device opposed to a display area of it.

Abstract: An elastomer display system comprising a transparent silicon elastomer and electrodes for establishing a nonuniform electric field in the transparent silicon elastomer. Organic fluorescent centers are disposed within the transparent silicon elastomer. The electrodes are shaped in a desired configuration to ensure creation of the frost deformation in the transparent silicon elastomer when a predetermined voltage signal is applied to the electrodes. The frost deformation functions as a scattering center for the fluorescence derived from the organic fluorescent centers, thereby displaying a desired pattern.

Abstract: An alignment structure provided in a twisted nematic field effect mode (TN-FEM) liquid crystal display includes, a first insulating layer deposited substantially along the normal direction of one of the supports, a second insulating layer deposited on said first insulating layer in a direction slant to the normal direction of the support, and a third insulating layer deposited on the second insulating layer slant to a direction rotated ninety degrees from said direction while the normal line of the support serves as the rotation axis thereof, thereby providing a three-layer alignment structure.

Abstract: A nematic-phase liquid crystal material is sandwiched between two opposing parallel plates at least one of which is transparent. The two parallel plates are respectively coated with transparent electrode films having parallel micro-groove structures at the respective inner surfaces in contact with the nematic-phase liquid crystal material established by unidirectional rubbing. In particular, an additional or second micro-groove structure is further provided for said first-named micro-groove structure which has an asymmetric or anisotropic profile along the longitudinal axes of the respective micro-grooves within the first micro-groove structre, preferably of a substantially saw-tooth profile. This combination results in a surface anisotropy in solid geometry rather than in plane geometry in the interfacial surfaces.

Abstract: An XY matrix type liquid crystal display panel having a plurality of X electrodes aligned at a given interval in one direction, a plurality of Y electrodes alinged at a given interval in a direction normal to the one direction and a layer of liquid crystal composition disposed between the X and Y electrodes. While an electrode layer forming the Y electrodes is shaped connect divided picture element electrodes, the counterpart forming the X electrodes is arranged to confront with two or more picture element electrodes along the Y axis. Further, each of the Y electrodes is divided into two along the Y axis. A contact area of each of the divided by two Y electrodes extends toward two opposing ends of a support where the Y electrodes are disposed.

Abstract: A twisted nematic field effect mode liquid crystal display cell comprises a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between front and rear substrates on which transparent electrodes are formed, a front polarizer disposed in front of the front substrate, and a rear polarizer disposed at the back of the rear substrate. The rear substrate comprises a glass plate, and the front substrate comprises a fiber plate. The fiber plate comprises a plurality of optical fibers of which axes are perpendicular to the plane determined by the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A holding plate for a liquid crystal having an electrode on the side contacting with the liquid crystal, characterized in that the plate is coated with a film comprising a certain specific silane compound, which is to be incorporated into a liquid crystal indication apparatus and assures a good homogeneous orientation of the molecules of the liquid crystal at the initial stage (i.e. in a non-excited state).

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising a nematic liquid crystal and a quaternary ammonium compound selected from the group consisting of the quaternary ammonium salts of carboxylic acids and the quaternary ammonium hydroxides.