Abstract: The present invention relates to a liver function ameliorant containing orniplabin as an active ingredient thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liver function ameliorant containing orniplabin as an active ingredient thereof.

Abstract: In a catalyzer arrangement in an exhaust system of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, each of exhaust pipes connected with exhaust ports of the engine has a first exhaust pipe section extending away from a main body of the engine, a second exhaust pipe section contiguous to the first exhaust pipe section having a first curved portion for turning the second exhaust pipe section toward the main body of the engine, and a third exhaust pipe section contiguous to the second exhaust pipe section having a second curved portion for turning the third exhaust pipe portion away from the main body of the engine. A catalyzer is connected to a downstream side of the third exhaust pipe section and disposed within a space surrounded by the first, second and third exhaust pipe sections. The exhaust pipes are divided into one group positioned near one end of a row of cylinder of the engine and another group positioned near another end of the row of cylinder.

Abstract: A pipe assembly includes an inner pipe and an outer laminated pipe disposed around the inner pipe for use in conveying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. The outer pipe is formed from two or more laminated layers to reduce noise emission. The outer pipe surrounds the inner pipe to protect the inner pipe, and muffle the inner pipe, while the inner pipe provides support for the outer pipe, either consistently contacting the outer pipe at the upstream inlet portion, or contacting the outer pipe at three areas spaced from each other on the outer pipe at the downstream outlet portion. The three contacting areas at the downstream outlet portion create an air-filled space at least partially separating the inner pipe and the outer laminated pipe. The air-filled space insulates the inner pipe so that exhaust gases moving through the inner pipe do not cool significantly as a result of heat dissipating by conduction or convection to the outer pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine includes a set of exhaust manifold conduits. Pairs of the exhaust manifold conduits converge and are joined at their downstream portions. The pairs of exhaust manifold conduits are connected to associated downstream exhaust pipes. In each pair, a first exhaust manifold conduit having a first downstream portion extends into the exhaust pipe, and a second exhaust manifold conduit having a second downstream portion terminates at the inlet end of the exhaust pipe. A channel is defined by the body of the exhaust pipe and the flat side wall of the first downstream portion. The channel has a cross-sectional configuration approximately the size and shape of the second downstream portion and communicates with the second downstream portion. Each exhaust manifold conduit includes an inner pipe disposed within an outer pipe for reduced thermal dissipation to promote a quicker light-off of the catalytic converter.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine includes one or more pairs of pipe members. Each pipe member has a downstream end portion, and includes along its downstream end portion a side wall in opposing relation with, and concave with respect to, the side wall of the other pipe member of the pair. The pipe members are joined at only two contacting areas of their respective downstream end portions. A gap is defined by the opposing concave side walls in which the side walls expand and contract while heating and cooling. Each of the pair of pipe members includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe disposed within the outer pipe. The inner pipe contacts the outer pipe at three contacting areas that are spaced from each other on the outer pipe so that an air-filled space at least partially separates the inner pipe and the outer pipe. Exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine are conveyed through such pairs of pipe members downstream to one or more exhaust pipes.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recycling device for use in reducing the nitrogen oxide (NO.sub.x) concentration of exhaust gases from gasoline engines has between two metal plates superposed on each other a main channel defined by a first inflated portion of large cross section, and at least one branch channel defined by a second inflated portion communicating with the main channel and having a small cross section. The device comprises a single component provided by two metal plates, and is simple in construction and reduced in the number of parts, manufacturing cost and weight. The device is produced by roll-bonding two metal plates, forming at least one second inflated portion having a small cross section and defining the branch channel by primary inflation with a low fluid pressure, thereafter holding the two metal plates with dies, and forming a first inflated portion having a large cross section and defining the main channel by secondary inflation with a high fluid pressure.