Abstract: An integral multilayer analytical element for analysis of ammonia or ammonia-producing substance is provided, which comprises a thin liquid blocking layer having a comparative facility with a thicker liquid blocking layer and is stably fabricated on a common production line employed for different type of slides.

Abstract: A method for correcting an instrumental error due to wavelength error of a spectroscope of an optical analyzer for measuring an optical density reflected from or transmitted through a dry analysis element. One standard color plate having a standard optical density OD.sub.ST is measured by an optical analyzer to be corrected to obtain an measured value OD.sub.M. A measured optical density OD.sub.S of the element applied with a sample through the optical analyzer to be corrected is corrected by using a ratio of OD.sub.M /OD.sub.ST to obtain a corrected measured value OD.sub.C of the sample. The standard color plate to be used contains an indicator dye contained in the non-reacted dry analysis element or a dye having an absorption spectrum same as or similar to that of the indicator dye in the measurement wavelength range. Another correction method in consideration of a layer coefficient of a dry analysis element is also provided.

Abstract: A multilayer analysis element for determination of total cholesterol is prepared having a light-transmissive water-impermeable support, at least one hydrophilic polymer layer on said support and a spreading layer on said hydrophilic polymer layer(s), and containing in one or more of the layers:(a) at least one enzyme having cholesterol esterase activity,(b) cholesterol oxidase,(c) peroxidase,(d) a color reagent composition, which in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and the peroxidase, produces a color change(e) at least one bile acid compound selected from the group consisting of bile acids, bile acid derivatives and salts of said acids and derivatives, and(f) an alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol containing in the alkyl group 1 to 20, preferably 7 to 10 carbon atoms, and a polyoxyethylene chain composed of at least 16, preferably 30 to 60 oxyethylene units.

Abstract: An integral multilayer analytical element comprising a reagent layer containing an indicator reagent composition capable of producing a detectable change corresponding to an analyte and a porous spreading layer composed of a fibrous fabric superposed on the reagent layer, wherein the yarn of said fabric comprises fibers having roughed surface, and an integral multilayer analytical element comprising a water-absorptive layer containing a hydrophilic polymer and a porous spreading layer composed of a fibrous fabric containing an indicator reagent composition capable of producing a detectable change corresponding to an analyte superposed on the water-absorptive layer, wherein the yarn of said fabric comprises fibers having roughed surface.The rouging is carried out, for example, by alkali etching.

Abstract: An integral multilayer element for chemical analysis utilizing an oxidase enzyme reaction system is prepared having in the following order:(a) a porous spreading layer;(b) an oxygen-permeable, protein-impermeable light-blocking layer;(c) an oxidase-containing layer;(d) an indicator layer containing peroxidase and a hydrogen peroxide indicator showing detectable change in the presence of peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide; and(e) a water-impermeable, light-transmissive support. The oxidase in the oxidase-containing layer is preferably glucose oxidase to provide a multilayer element for glucose determination. This multilayer element shortens the analytical time, widens the measurable concentration range of the analyte and improves accuracy.

Abstract: An improvement of a dry integral multilayer analytical element having functional layers which contain dehydrogenase, oxidized nicotinamide coenzyme, an electron transport compound and an electron acceptable dye-forming compound is disclosed. The improvement the analytical element resides in that an alkali agent or an alkaline buffer is contained in a layer which is different from a layer or layers containing the oxidized nicotinamide coenzyme and electron acceptable dye-forming compound.

Abstract: In an integral multilayer analytical element for the analysis of albumin where at least one hydrophilic polymer binder layer and a porous spreading layer containing an indicator capable of binding to albumin to produce a color change are integrally superposed on a light-transmissive water-impermeable support in this order, the improvement comprising said indicator being dispersed in a hydrophilic polymer or a mixture of a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic polymer and a pH buffer being incorporated into the spreading layer.

Abstract: A dry-type analytical element suitable for measuring enzyme activity of in a liquid sample, characterized by incorporating a polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide or their derivatives into at least one water-permeable layer. The background concentration of the dry-type analytical element exhibits minimal increase even under a fluorescent light, and allows an accurate measured value to be easily obtained.

Abstract: A dry-type multilayer analytical element containing a color reagent composition comprising an oxidase specifically reaction with an analyte or derived therefrom to produce hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide-decomposing enzyme, an alkali metal salt of ferrocyanide and a chromogen which is separated from the hydrogen peroxide-decomposing enzyme, the chromogen being incorporated in a layer nearer to the transparent support of the analytical element than the layer containing the hydrogen peroxide-decomposing enzyme. The analytical element exhibits excellent coloration, color stability, and accuracy and the results are minimally influenced by the presence of hemoglobin in the sample.

Abstract: A method of preparing an integral multilayer analytical element such as for analysis of calcium comprising a water-impermeable light-transmissive support, a reagent layer containing a water-soluble indicator capable of reacting with an analyte to produce an optically detectable change, and a porous spreading layer containing a spreading action controller and/or an acid capable of decomposing the calcium compounds in a sample, superposed in this order, wherein the spreading action controller and/or the acid is dissolved in an organic solvent which does not dissolve the above water-soluble indicator, this solution is incorporated into the porous spreading layer, and this superposed material is dried. In the method of the present invention, the migration of the water-soluble indicator in the reagent layer at the time of incorporating the spreading action controller or the acid into the spreading layer is inhibited by using a particular organic solvent.

Abstract: A dry analytical element for use in detecting a specific component contained in a liquid, which element comprises one or more water permeable layers provided on a water impermeable support, at least one layer of the water-permeable layers containing a composition capable of interacting with said specific component contained in said liquid. The composition contains a leuco dye and a dispersion containing said leuco dye is incorporated in the water-permeable layer, which is formed by dissolving the leuco dye in a hydrophobic solvent containing an aliphatic higher alcohol and dispersing the resulting solution in a hydrophilic medium. The leuco dye has the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 represents an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, R.sup.2 represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group, and R.sup.3 represents an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group. A process for producing said dry analytical element is also disclosed.

Abstract: A dry analytical element having functional layers which contain dehydrogenase, oxidized nicotinamide coenzyme, pyruvate, an electron transport compound and an electron acceptable dye-forming compound is disclosed. The improvement the analytical element resides in that the coenzyme and dye-forming compound are contained in one or two layers which are different from a layer containing pyruvate.

Abstract: A dry type analysis element for detecting a specific constituent in a liquid is provided. The dry type analysis element comprises a light-transmissive support having thereon at least one water-penetrative layer, at least one of said water-penetrative layer(s) containing a composition capable of interacting with said specific constituent in said liquid, wherein said composition contains a leuco dye comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented formula [I] and salts of these compounds ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubustituted alkyl group, and R.sup.3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group,and said leuco dye is dissolved in a hydrophobic solvent to form a solution that is contained in said water-penetrative layer as a dispersion in a hydrophilic medium.

Abstract: An integral multilayer analytical element which comprises a water-impermeable light-transmissive support, a hydrophilic layer containing a water-absorptive hydrophilic polymer binder and a spreading layer superposed in this order, and contains at least one reagent capable of reacting with a component of a sample to produce a detectable species capable of detecting by light, which is characterized in that light-scattering particulates in an amount to make light transmittance to 10 to 2.5% are contained in the above hydrophilic layer and/or a layer located on the side of the support therefrom. This element may decrease the influence of a conventional reagent layer up to the extent being negligible without lowering the sensitivity. Precision of the measurement at a low concentration range is also high, and reproducibility of the meaurement is well. Manufacture of this element is easy.

Abstract: A method of preparing an integral multilayer analytical element such as for analysis of calcium comprising a water-impermeable light-transmissive support, a reagent layer containing a water-soluble indicator capable of reacting with an analyte to produce an optically detectable change, and a porous spreading layer containing a spreading action controller and/or an acid capable of decomposing the calcium compounds in a sample, superposed in this order, wherein the spreading action controller and/or the acid is dissolved in an organic solvent which does not dissolve the above water-soluble indicator, this solution is incorporated into the porous spreading layer, and this superposed material is dried. In the method of the present invention, the migration of the water-soluble indicator in the reagent layer at the time of incorporating the spreading action controller or the acid into the spreading layer is inhibited by using a particular organic solvent.

Abstract: A chemical analysis apparatus comprises a slide loading section for holding chemical analysis slides, a section for applying a sample material to the chemical analysis slide, and an incubator provided with housing compartments for housing the chemical analysis slides side by side in a transverse direction on the same plane. The apparatus also comprises a read-out head slideable in the transverse direction and disposed to face the chemical analysis slide housed in the housing compartment via a readout opening formed in each housing compartment, thereby emitting light to the chemical analysis slide and measuring the reflection optical density thereof.

Abstract: A method for correction of calibration curve in a dry analytical process for quantitative analysis of analyte in a liquid sample such as blood is disclosed. In the method, a calibration curve which has been previously determined for analysis of the analyte using a standard dry analytical element is corrected for application to a dry analytical element having deviated from the standard dry analytical element in its sensitivity to the analyte due to unintentional denaturation, variation, etc., utilizing an optical density determined on the above deviated dry analytical element which has not received spotting of a liquid sample containing the analyte.

Abstract: An integral multilayer analytical element for analysis of cholesterol which comprises a water-impermeable light-transmissive support, a hydrophilic layer and a spreading layer superposed in this order, and contains cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase, peroxidase and a coloring reagent composition, which is characterized, in that the above coloring reagent composition is a combination of 4-aminoantipyrine or its derivative and 2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorobenzene sulfonic acid, and in that pH of the layer where coloring reaction proceeds is kept in the range of 7.5 to 9.This analytical element is stable, and capable of preserving more than 8 months without fogging.

Abstract: An analytical element for quantitative analysis of analyte contained in a body fluid or the like, which has at least one reagent layer comprising a reactive reagent and a binder, characterized in that a portion or whole of the binder is a polycarboxylic acid carrying a nonionic surface active agent attached through ester linkage to at least a portion of the carboxyl groups contained therein.

Abstract: A dry-type quantitative glucose-analyzing element comprising a water-impermeable light-transmissive support having thereon a group of water-permeable layers comprising a reagent layer, an enzyme-containing layer, and a porous spreading layer which are laminated on said support in this order, and a hydrogen peroxide-detecting coloring composition comprising a hydrogen donor and a coupler; whereinsaid reagent layer contains at least said coupler;said enzyme-containing layer contains a glucose oxidase, a peroxidase and a mordant which immobilizes a dye formed by said coloring composition; andsaid hydrogen donor is contained in at least one water-permeable layer of said group. Using the element, quantitative determination of glucose of high concentration is possible with high accuracy.