Abstract: A machining apparatus capable of easing positioning restrictions on machined shapes and improving the shape accuracy and positional accuracy of the machined shapes. A machining tool forms a machined shape in a workpiece mounted on a workpiece mounting surface, by means of a rotational shaft causing the machining tool to rotate, and three linear axes moving the machining tool so as to follow the machined shape of a machining object while moving the center of the intended formation region of the machined shape of the machining object in a circular arc shape in accordance with the rotation of the machining tool.

Abstract: A mold manufacturing method for manufacturing a mold with which a diffractive lens array of high accuracy can be molded by the following steps: creating a set of coordinates of form points indicating a form of a concave portion which has a saw-toothed surface; deriving a set of coordinates of moving points by moving the coordinates of each of the form points; deriving an orbit for forming the concave portion, based on the moving points; and fabricating a metal mold by forming the concave portion which has a center that does not match a rotation center of the work piece, by moving a cutting tool along the orbit while rotating the work piece so as to cut the work piece.

Abstract: A mold manufacturing method for manufacturing a mold with which a diffractive lens array of high accuracy can be molded by the following steps: creating a set of coordinates of form points indicating a form of a concave portion which has a saw-toothed surface; deriving a set of coordinates of moving points by moving the coordinates of each of the form points; deriving an orbit for forming the concave portion, based on the moving points; and fabricating a metal mold by forming the concave portion which has a center that does not match a rotation center of the work piece, by moving a cutting tool along the orbit while rotating the work piece so as to cut the work piece.