Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing an aromatic carboxylic acid (e.g.iso-or-tere-phthalic acid) by liquid-phase oxidation of an alkyl-group-substituted aromatic compound (e.g. p-or-m-xylene) in acetic acid which comprises dehydrating water-containing acetic acid by azeotropic distillation in an azeotropic distillation dehydration tower to recycle the dehydrated acetic acid as the solvent, and suppressing the concentration of the alkyl-group-substituted aromatic compound in the entrainer (e.g. n-butyl acetate) which is fed at the top portion of the above tower, to at most 10% by weight by removing the above aromatic compound. The process makes it possible to proceed with efficient dehydration of water-containing acetic acid for a long period of time by preventing the separation efficiency between acetic acid and an azeotropic component from being deteriorated by the alkyl-group-substituted aromatic compound remaining in the azeotropic component.

Abstract: A process for producing isophthalic acid by oxidation of m-xylene with an oxygen-containing gas in a hydrous acetic acid solvent in the presence of a cobalt/manganese/bromine system catalyst, the process being capable of industrially advantageously producing high-purity isophthalic acid having excellent whiteness, the process comprising (1) a step of carrying out an oxidation reaction in a main oxidation reactor under specified ranges of a catalyst concentration, a reaction temperature and an oxygen concentration in a discharge gas such that the concentration of 3-carboxybenzaldehyde becomes 500 to 10,000 ppm, (2) a step of further carrying out an oxidation reaction in a post oxidation reactor such that the concentration of 3-carboxybenzaldehyde becomes 100 to 800 ppm, separating crude isophthalic acid, evaporating remaining mother liquor and recovering acetic acid, and (3) mixing the crude isophthalic acid with purified acetic acid, stirring the resultant mixture at 100.degree. C.