Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided an output apparatus including a signal control unit configured to set a signal from a second output element in an OFF state at a timing earlier than a predetermined timing by the response time of a second load, and set signals from a first output element and the second output element in an ON state, and signals from a first interruption element and a second interruption element in an OFF state at a timing earlier than the predetermined timing by the response time of a first load. The output apparatus includes a diagnosis unit configured to diagnose, at the predetermined timing, whether the first and second interruption elements are in a normal state or a failure state, based on a signal from the first and second digital output circuits.

Abstract: A battery pack is a battery pack chargeable a normal charge and a quick charge, and includes: a normal charging terminal 10 (11, 12) configured to apply a current of a first predetermined value to a battery cell; and a quick charging terminal 30 (31, 32) configured to apply to the battery cell a current of a second predetermined value exceeding the first predetermined value, the quick charging terminal having a different shape from a shape of the normal charging terminal.

Abstract: A power supply unit includes: a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series; limiting resistors connected to individual electrodes of the plurality of secondary batteries; a voltage detection circuit detecting inter-terminal voltages of each of the plurality of secondary batteries based on potentials obtained from the plurality of secondary batteries through the limiting resistors; a control circuit specifying one of the secondary batteries to be discharged based on the inter-terminal voltages of the plurality of secondary batteries detected by the voltage detection circuit and sending a discharge instruction; and a discharge circuit allowing the specified secondary battery to discharge through the limiting resistors in response to the instruction from the control circuit.

Abstract: First and second switches are switches to be detected. An AC signal source supplies AC signals to the switches. A controller includes: one photocoupler for outputting a signal when a supplied current is positive and is equal to or greater than a first current, and when the supplied current is negative and equal to or smaller than a second current; a first diode for receiving an output signal from the AC signal source when the first switch is turned on, and outputting a positive current to the photocoupler; a second diode for receiving an output signal from the AC signal source when the second switch is turned on, and outputting a negative current to the photocoupler; a first latch for latching an output signal from the photocoupler when the AC signal is positive; a second latch for latching output data from the photocoupler when the AC signal is negative; and a CPU.