Abstract: A high frequency heating apparatus (1A) includes the following components: a first electrode (11) that is flat; a plurality of flat second electrodes (12) that are flat; a high-frequency power supply (20); a matching unit (30); a controller (40); and an electric field regulator (50). The second electrodes (12) are placed opposite to the first electrode (11). The high-frequency power supply (20) applies a high-frequency voltage to the first electrode (11). The matching unit (30) is placed between the first electrode (11) and the high-frequency power supply (20), and is impedance-matched with the high-frequency power supply (20). The controller (40) controls the high-frequency power supply (20). The electric field regulator (50) individually adjusts the electric field strengths in a plurality of regions located between first electrode (11) and the second electrodes (12). This aspect can reduce uneven heating.

Abstract: An optical waveguide circuit component according to the present invention is characterized by that a clad layer composed of quartz is provided on the surfaces of a substrate and core formed by quartz doped selectively on a quartz plate structure, and a lid or a cover member is fixed onto the clad layer by heat pressing. With this structure, it is possible to reduce the magnitude of a polarization-dependent loss (PDL) generated when the lid and clad layer are combined.

Abstract: An optical waveguide circuit component according to the present invention is characterized by that a clad layer composed of quartz is provided on the surfaces of a substrate and core formed by quartz doped selectively on a quartz plate structure, and a lid or a cover member is fixed onto the clad layer by heat pressing. With this structure, it is possible to reduce the magnitude of a polarization-dependent loss (PDL) generated when the lid and clad layer are combined.

Abstract: The fabrication of an optical component comprising an optical waveguide and positioning marker on a same substrate is facilitated, and the yield of the fabrication process for such an optical component is increased. By forming the core segment of the optical waveguide and the positioning marker in a same step, the positional accuracy between the core segment and the positioning marker can be improved without requiring a high level of expertise or expensive equipment such as a photographic exposure device. In the optical component comprising an optical waveguide and positioning marker on a substrate, the positioning marker is provided with rounded corners or a curved profile whereby it is possible to avoid the stress concentration which would otherwise develop due to the difference in thermal expansion between the various layers at the time of thermal processing, and the cracks which would otherwise develop in the positioning marker and the surrounding layers.

Abstract: A suspension system comprises front and rear cantilever spring arms. First end portions of the arms are fixed to a vehicle body. Second end portions of the arms extend toward a member for supporting a wheel. The second end portions are connected to each other by means of a curved section. The spring arms are formed integrally with the curved section through the medium of the matrix resin and the fibers so as to be V-shaped as viewed from above. A joint assembly is fixed to the curved section, and a hub carrier is mounted on the assembly.

Abstract: A suspension system comprises front and rear cantilever spring arms. First end portions of the arms are fixed to a vehicle body. Second end portions of the arms extend toward a member for supporting a wheel. The second end portions are connected to each other by means of a curved section. The spring arms are formed integrally with the curved section through the medium of the matrix resin and the fibers so as to be V-shaped as viewed from above. A joint assembly is fixed to the curved section, and a hub carrier is mounted on the assembly.

Abstract: A suspension system comprising a pair of fiber reinforced plastic spring arms, right and left, and a beam assembly connecting the respective free ends of the arms, said springs arms having a free-end-side portion and being vertically bendable, each spring arm serving as a suspension spring. A fixed end of each spring arm is fixed to a vehicle body. The beam assembly, which extends in the transverse direction of the vehicle body, includes an intermediate beam member of fiber reinforced plastic and metallic end beam members fixed individually to two opposite end portions of the intermediate beam member. Each end beam member is provided with an axle. If the right and left spring arms are subjected to loads of opposite phases at the time of turning, the intermediate beam member is twisted to produce a stabilizer effect.