Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions, kits, and methods of making RNA vaccines having an appropriate cap structure. Systems, apparatus, compositions, and/or methods may include and/or use, in some embodiments, non-naturally occurring single-chain RNA capping enzymes. In some embodiments, an RNA capping enzyme may include an FCE variant having (a) an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to positions 1 to 878 of SEQ ID NO: 1, and/or (b) one or more substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1 at a position selected from positions corresponding to positions 215, 337, 572, 648, and 833 (e.g., a position selected from positions corresponding to position 215, 337, and 572) of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for forming a single RNA polynucleotide from a plurality of DNA oligonucleotides in a single reaction chamber using combined reagents in a single step reaction.

Abstract: Provided herein, among other things, is a method for producing an RNA product that has reduced immunogenicity. In some embodiments, the method involves transcribing a template DNA with a thermostable RNA polymerase at a temperature of greater than 44° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions, kits, and methods of making RNA vaccines having an appropriate cap structure. Systems, apparatus, compositions, and/or methods may include and/or use, in some embodiments, non-naturally occurring single-chain RNA capping enzymes. In some embodiments, an RNA capping enzyme may include an FCE variant having (a) an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to positions 1 to 878 of SEQ ID NO: 1, and/or (b) one or more substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1 at a position selected from positions corresponding to positions 215, 337, 572, 648, and 833 (e.g., a position selected from positions corresponding to position 215, 337, and 572) of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for forming a single RNA polynucleotide from a plurality of DNA oligonucleotides in a single reaction chamber using combined reagents in a single step reaction. DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase and single stranded (ss) DNA oligonucleotides are combined where each DNA oligonucleotide has one or more sequence modules, wherein one sequence module in the first ss DNA oligonucleotide is complementary to a sequence module at the 3? end of the second ss DNA oligonucleotide; and wherein a second module on the first ss DNA oligonucleotide is an RNA polymerase promoter sequence; and forming a single RNA polynucleotide, excluding the RNA promoter sequence, derived from the first and second DNA oligonucleotides.

Abstract: Provided herein, among other things, is a method for producing an RNA product that has reduced immunogenicity. In some embodiments, the method involves transcribing a template DNA with a thermostable RNA polymerase at a temperature of greater than 44° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions, kits, and methods of making RNA vaccines having an appropriate cap structure. Systems, apparatus, compositions, and/or methods may include and/or use, in some embodiments, non-naturally occurring single-chain RNA capping enzymes. In some embodiments, an RNA capping enzyme may include an FCE variant having (a) an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to positions 1 to 878 of SEQ ID NO: 1, and/or (b) one or more substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1 at a position selected from positions corresponding to positions 215, 337, 572, 648, and 833 (e.g., a position selected from positions corresponding to position 215, 337, and 572) of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions, kits, and methods of making RNA vaccines having an appropriate cap structure. Systems, apparatus, compositions, and/or methods may include and/or use, in some embodiments, non-naturally occurring single-chain RNA capping enzymes. In some embodiments, an RNA capping enzyme may include an FCE variant having (a) an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to positions 1 to 878 of SEQ ID NO: 1, and/or (b) one or more substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1 at a position selected from positions corresponding to positions 215, 337, 572, 648, and 833 (e.g., a position selected from positions corresponding to position 215, 337, and 572) of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Abstract: Provided herein, among other things, is a method for producing an RNA product that has reduced immunogenicity. In some embodiments, the method involves transcribing a template DNA with a thermostable RNA polymerase at a temperature of greater than 44° C.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for forming a single RNA polynucleotide from a plurality of DNA oligonucleotides in a single reaction chamber using combined reagents in a single step reaction.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for forming a single RNA polynucleotide from a plurality of DNA oligonucleotides in a single reaction chamber using combined reagents in a single step reaction. DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase and single stranded (ss) DNA oligonucleotides are combined where each DNA oligonucleotide has one or more sequence modules, wherein one sequence module in the first ss DNA oligonucleotide is complementary to a sequence module at the 3? end of the second ss DNA oligonucleotide; and wherein a second module on the first ss DNA oligonucleotide is an RNA polymerase promoter sequence; and forming a single RNA polynucleotide, excluding the RNA promoter sequence, derived from the first and second DNA oligonucleotides.

Abstract: Provided herein, among other things, is a method for producing an RNA product that has reduced immunogenicity without requiring removal of any dsRNA from the RNA product. In some embodiments, the method involves transcribing a template DNA with a thermostable RNA polymerase at a temperature of greater than 44° C.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for forming a single RNA polynucleotide from a plurality of DNA oligonucleotides in a single reaction chamber using combined reagents in a single step reaction.