Abstract: Various embodiments relate to devices for measuring the state of devices and multi-stage rotary encoders as well as to associated sensors. In order to simplify the design of devices which can be read out electronically and multi-turn rotary encoders, according to some embodiments a device having at least one rotatable wheel, at least one light source and at least one polarization sensor is proposed, the wheel being at least partially transparent and polarization-maintaining, parts of the wheel being configured as pole filters, it being possible for light which exits the light source to be polarized by the pole filter and to be received by the polarization sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems for changing and measuring the polarisation of radio waves. Embodiments of the systems are disclosed for different applications as well as uses of the systems as sensors for measuring angles and shifts.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to devices for measuring the state of devices and multi-stage rotary encoders as well as to associated sensors. In order to simplify the design of devices which can be read out electronically and multi-turn rotary encoders, according to some embodiments a device having at least one rotatable wheel, at least one light source and at least one polarization sensor is proposed, the wheel being at least partially transparent and polarization-maintaining, parts of the wheel being configured as pole filters, it being possible for light which exits the light source to be polarized by the pole filter and to be received by the polarization sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to devices for changing and measuring the polarisation of radio waves, Embodiments of the devices for different applications as well as uses of the devices as sensors for measuring angles and shifts.

Abstract: A sealing ring for a pressure control valve for controlling boost pressure in a combustion engine with turbocharger is provided, including a sealing body which is rotationally symmetrical with regard to a cylinder axis and is made from a material which comprises as main constituent one or more perfluorinated thermoplastics, wherein the sealing body has a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional profile with an apex region and two sealing lips which, starting from the apex region, extend parallel to one another or with an opening angle at least approximately in the direction of the cylinder axis; and a spring element which is rotationally symmetrical with regard to the cylinder axis and is made of steel with a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional profile, wherein the spring element is arranged between the sealing lips of the sealing body in such a way that it bears directly against the mutually facing surfaces thereof.

Abstract: A method for operating an open 3-line type hydrodynamic coupling device, in which a fluid pressure displacing a clutch piston in an engaging direction is provided in the first space area for engaging the lockup clutch, and a fluid pressure displacing the clutch piston in the disengaging direction is provided in a second space area for disengaging the lockup clutch. A fluid supply pressure for the first space area and/or a fluid supply pressure for the second space area are/is adjusted depending on at least one operating variable in the engaged state of the lockup clutch and/or in the disengaged state of the lockup clutch and/or for engaging the lockup clutch and/or for disengaging the lockup clutch.

Abstract: A method for operating an open 3-line type hydrodynamic coupling device, in which a fluid pressure displacing a clutch piston in an engaging direction is provided in the first space area for engaging the lockup clutch, and a fluid pressure displacing the clutch piston in the disengaging direction is provided in a second space area for disengaging the lockup clutch. A fluid supply pressure for the first space area and/or a fluid supply pressure for the second space area are/is adjusted depending on at least one operating variable in the engaged state of the lockup clutch and/or in the disengaged state of the lockup clutch and/or for engaging the lockup clutch and/or for disengaging the lockup clutch.

Abstract: A method for determining electrical characteristics of a network of conductor elements. Separate conductor elements are dissected into segments for modeling high frequency phenomenons such as proximity and skin effect. Partial impedances are assigned to the segments to describe their mutual and self inductances. When calculating the electrical characteristics of the conductor arrangement, mutual partial impedances are taken into account only between segments in spatial proximity, reducing memory requirements and increasing calculation speed. Voltages induced in spatially distant conductor elements are calculated for the determination of mutual inductive couplings between spatially distant conductor elements. The method is suitable for time and frequency domain modeling.