Abstract: A method of operating a user terminal connected to the Internet comprises: prior to sending an email from the user terminal to a recipient, sending an identifier of the email content and a telephone number to a server; receiving a verification code from the server via the Internet; receiving an authentication string from the server via the Internet; including the authentication string and the telephone number in the email; and sending the email to the recipient.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of verifying to a recipient of an email that a sender of the email possesses a mobile telecommunications device associated with a specific telephone number.

Abstract: A method of scheduling packets for transmission over the air interface of a UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) in the case where a pair of Radio Network Controllers (RNCs) are acting as separate serving and controlling (drift) RNCs for a mobile terminal. The method comprises sending from the controlling RNC to the serving RNC, allocated scheduling priorities together with packet sizes accepted for transmission with those priorities by the controlling RNC. Subsequently the serving RNC send to the controlling RNC, packets of sizes accepted by the serving RNC together with respective allocated priorities.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and arrangements enable packet scheduling in accordance with quality of service (QoS) constraints for data flows. In a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network environment, for example, a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer schedules packet transmission of various data flows to meet stipulated criteria, including permitted transport format combinations (TFCs) from a TFC set (TFCS). In first embodiment(s), the TFC is selected based on guaranteed rate transmission rates, weighted fair queuing (WFQ) transmission rates, QoS class, transport block set size (TBSS), and optionally queue fill levels. These first embodiment(s) also further refine the selection process using backlog memories corresponding to previously unmet guaranteed and/or fair transmission rates. In second embodiment(s), memory requirements are reduced by selecting a TFC based on guaranteed rate transmission rates, QoS class, TBSS, and queue fill levels, without accommodating backlogs.