Abstract: It is provided an apparatus (AuthProxy), comprising first receiving means for receiving a service request from a first party (resource server); detecting means for detecting a requirement for user interaction in order to comply with said service request; requesting means for requesting said user interaction from a second party (User Interaction Proxy) different from the first party; and second receiving means for receiving said user interaction as a response from said second party.

Abstract: A method of modifying a command sequence comprising a plurality of commands, the commands having a schedule by which they are to be executed, comprising the steps of transforming the commands into in-time sub-commands which have to be executed according to the schedule and preparation sub-commands which are not constrained to be executed according to the schedule; and adjusting the order of the sub-commands so that estimated periods during which the sub-command components of the second type are executed do not overlap with the periods during which the sub-command components of the first type are executed.