Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for production of high yield of hydrogen by carrying out the dry reforming of the dry gas generated from the process itself by utilizing the same catalyst for cracking and producing high yield of light olefins such as ethylene, propylene and butylenes from residue feedstocks.

Abstract: A process for conversion of hydrocarbon feedstock into lighter olefins of C2 to C4 carbons, the process comprising of cracking the hydrocarbon feedstock in a reactor in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst for short contact time catalytic cracking process of heavy hydrocarbons having contact time less than 1 second to produce light olefins of C2 to C4 carbon in the range of 40 to 60 wt % on fresh feed basis in a fluidized bed reactor which is concentric downflow reactor in presence of catalyst consisting of ultra-stable Y zeolite in the range of 5-10 wt %, 4 to 8 wt % of pentasil zeolite, 2.5-5 wt % of bottom selective material, 0.5-2 wt % of rare earth and 75-88 wt % of support material.

Abstract: A process for conversion of hydrocarbon feedstock into lighter olefins of C2 to C4 carbons, the process comprising of cracking the hydrocarbon feedstock in a reactor in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst for short contact time catalytic cracking process of heavy hydrocarbons having contact time less than 1 second to produce light olefins of C2 to C4 carbon in the range of 40 to 60 wt % on fresh feed basis in a fluidized bed reactor which is concentric downflow reactor in presence of catalyst consisting of ultra-stable Y zeolite in the range of 5-10 wt %, 4 to 8 wt % of pentasil zeolite, 2.5-5 wt % of bottom selective material, 0.5-2 wt % of rare earth and 75-88 wt % of support material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for production of high yield of hydrogen by carrying out the dry reforming of the dry gas generated from the process itself by utilizing the same catalyst for cracking and producing high yield of light olefins such as ethylene, propylene and butylenes from residue feedstocks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of high quality synthesis gas rich in hydrogen during the process of upgrading the residual hydrocarbon oil feedstock by rejuvenating the spent upgrading material in Reformer in absence of air/oxygen without supplying external heat source other than the heat generated inside the process during combustion of residual coke deposited on the upgrading material. The present invention further relates to the apparatus used for preparation of syngas wherein said syngas thus produced is used for production of hydrogen gas. Furthermore, the present invention also provides system and method for preparing pure hydrogen from syngas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of increasing syngas production during an upgradation process of petroleum residual oil by circulation of rejuvenated upgrading material through a heat removal zone such as an Auxiliary Reformer and by regeneration of spent upgrading material.

Abstract: An apparatus which is an integral hardware consisting of an annular downer reactor and a concentric upflow riser regenerator for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feed to is disclosed. The annular downer reactor terminates in annular stripper which is also concentric with the regenerator. The regenerator, reactor and stripper are in fluid connection with each other. The apparatus is highly compact and provides efficient contact between circulating catalyst and hydrocarbon feed. The proposed hardware includes a novel radial distributor for providing improved control and radial distribution of catalyst inside the downflow reactor. The radial distributor has equal numbers of stationary and movable parts placed one after another to cover the entire annular opening at the bottom of the regenerated catalyst vessel. The radial distributor is concentric with regenerator and located between the catalyst holding vessel and the reactor. A process for catalytic cracking using the invented apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus which is an integral hardware consisting of an annular downer reactor and a concentric upflow riser regenerator for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feed to is disclosed. The annular downer reactor terminates in annular stripper which is also concentric with the regenerator. The regenerator, reactor and stripper are in fluid connection with each other. The apparatus is highly compact and provides efficient contact between circulating catalyst and hydrocarbon feed. The proposed hardware includes a novel radial distributor for providing improved control and radial distribution of catalyst inside the downflow reactor. The radial distributor has equal numbers of stationary and movable parts placed one after another to cover the entire annular opening at the bottom of the regenerated catalyst vessel. The radial distributor is concentric with regenerator and located between the catalyst holding vessel and the reactor. A process for catalytic cracking using the invented apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus which is an integral hardware consisting of an annular downer reactor and a concentric upflow riser regenerator for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feed to is disclosed. The annular downer reactor terminates in annular stripper which is also concentric with the regenerator. The regenerator, reactor and stripper are in fluid connection with each other. The apparatus is highly compact and provides efficient contact between circulating catalyst and hydrocarbon feed. The proposed hardware includes a novel radial distributor for providing improved control and radial distribution of catalyst inside the downflow reactor. The radial distributor has equal numbers of stationary and movable parts placed one after another to cover the entire annular opening at the bottom of the regenerated catalyst vessel. The radial distributor is concentric with regenerator and located between the catalyst holding vessel and the reactor. A process for catalytic cracking using the invented apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: Present invention relates to a novel process for upgrading a residual hydrocarbon oil feedstock having a significant amount of Conradson Carbon Residue (concarbon), metals, especially vanadium and nickel, asphaltenes, sulfur impurities and nitrogen to a lighter more valuable hydrocarbon products by reducing or minimizing coke formation and by injecting fine droplets of oil soluble organo-metallic compounds at multiple elevations of the riser with varying dosing rates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of high quality synthesis gas rich in hydrogen during the process of upgrading the residual hydrocarbon oil feedstock by rejuvenating the spent upgrading material in Reformer in absence of air/oxygen without supplying external heat source other than the heat generated inside the process during combustion of residual coke deposited on the upgrading material. The present invention further relates to the apparatus used for preparation of syngas wherein said syngas thus produced is used for production of hydrogen gas. Furthermore, the present invention also provides system and method for preparing pure hydrogen from syngas.

Abstract: Present invention relates to a novel process for upgrading a residual hydrocarbon oil feedstock having a significant amount of Conradson Carbon Residue (concarbon), metals, especially vanadium and nickel, asphaltenes, sulfur impurities and nitrogen to a lighter more valuable hydrocarbon products by reducing or minimizing coke formation and by injecting fine droplets of oil soluble organo-metallic compounds at multiple elevations of the riser with varying dosing rates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of increasing syngas production during an upgradation process of petroleum residual oil by circulation of rejuvenated upgrading material through a heat removal zone such as an Auxiliary Reformer and by regeneration of spent upgrading material.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adsorbent for removal of con-carbon and contaminant metals in feed, said adsorbent composition consisting of clay in the range of 30-70 wt. % and silica in the range of 70-30 wt. %, wherein the adsorbent has a pore volume in the range of 0.25-0.45 cc/gm; a pore size in the range of 20 to 2000 ? and a bi-modal pore size distribution characteristics, with a maximum of about 32% of the adsorbent having a pore size in the range of 20-200 ? and a minimum of about 68% of the adsorbent having a pore size in the range of 200-2000 ?. The present invention also provides a process for preparing the said adsorbent.

Abstract: A two stage Fluid Catalytic Cracking process and an apparatus for simultaneous production of light olefins such as ethylene and propylene and middle distillate range hydrocarbons, wherein a first flow reactor, preferably a downer and a second flow reactor, preferably a riser are operating at varying reaction severities using different catalyst systems with the regenerated catalyst entering the reactors inlet through independent regenerators. Mild cracking of the fresh feedstock is carried out in the first flow reactor of short residence time and the effluent of first flow reactor is separated in an intermediate separator/fractionator followed by re-cracking of the C4 hydrocarbons and naphtha range hydrocarbons, preferably C5-150° C. from the second product separation section and unconverted hydrocarbons (370° C.+) of first flow reactor, in the second flow reactor at higher severity employing different catalyst system.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adsorbent for removal of con-carbon and contaminant metals in feed, said adsorbent composition consisting of clay in the range of 30-70 wt. % and silica in the range of 70-30 wt. %, wherein the adsorbent has a pore volume in the range of 0.25-0.45 cc/gm; a pore size in the range of 20 to 2000 ? and a bi-modal pore size distribution characteristics, with a maximum of about 32% of the adsorbent having a pore size in the range of 20-200 ? and a minimum of about 68% of the adsorbent having a pore size in the range of 200-2000 ?. The present invention also provides a process for preparing the said adsorbent.

Abstract: An apparatus which is an integral hardware consisting of an annular downer reactor and a concentric upflow riser regenerator for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feed to is disclosed. The annular downer reactor terminates in annular stripper which is also concentric with the regenerator. The regenerator, reactor and stripper are in fluid connection with each other. The apparatus is highly compact and provides efficient contact between circulating catalyst and hydrocarbon feed. The proposed hardware includes a novel radial distributor for providing improved control and radial distribution of catalyst inside the downflow reactor. The radial distributor has equal numbers of stationary and movable parts placed one after another to cover the entire annular opening at the bottom of the regenerated catalyst vessel. The radial distributor is concentric with regenerator and located between the catalyst holding vessel and the reactor. A process for catalytic cracking using the invented apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for catalytic cracking of feedstock includes a first channel in which a feedstock is treated with an adsorbent to obtain a treated intermediate. The apparatus further comprises a separator-reactor vessel. The separator-reactor vessel includes an adsorbent separating region to remove the adsorbent from the treated intermediate. The separator-reactor vessel further includes a second channel connected to the adsorbent separating region. The treated intermediate is contacted with a catalyst in the second channel to produce a cracking yield. The second channel terminates in a catalyst separating region of the separator-reactor vessel. The catalyst is removed from the cracking yield in the catalyst separating region. The separator-reactor vessel further includes a physical partition disposed between the adsorbent separating region and the catalyst separating region to separate the two regions.

Abstract: An apparatus for catalytic cracking of feedstock includes a first channel in which a feedstock is treated with an adsorbent to obtain a treated intermediate. The apparatus further comprises a separator-reactor vessel. The separator-reactor vessel includes an adsorbent separating region to remove the adsorbent from the treated intermediate. The separator-reactor vessel further includes a second channel connected to the adsorbent separating region. The treated intermediate is contacted with a catalyst in the second channel to produce a cracking yield. The second channel terminates in a catalyst separating region of the separator-reactor vessel. The catalyst is removed from the cracking yield in the catalyst separating region. The separator-reactor vessel further includes a physical partition disposed between the adsorbent separating region and the catalyst separating region to separate the two regions.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing needle coke from heavy atmospheric distillation residues having sulfur no more than 0.7 wt %, which process involves the steps of heating the feedstock to a temperature in the range of 440 to 520° C. for thermal cracking in a soaking column under pressure in the range of 1 to 10 kg/cm2 to separate the easily cokable material, separating the cracked products in a quench column and a distillation column and then subjecting the hydrocarbon fraction from the bottom of the quench column and a hydrocarbon fraction having a boiling point in the range of 380 to 480° C. from the distillation column and/or any other suitable heavier hydrocarbon streams in a definite ratio depending on certain characteristic parameters to thermal cracking in a second soaking column at a temperature of 460 to 540° C.