Abstract: A muscle memory training apparatus restores muscle memories that have become aberrant to previous normal or superior performance. It restores reflex stabilization muscle memories thereby providing a stable platform upon which voluntary muscle memories are restored. It is based on the universally accepted fact that muscle memories may be improved with practice and the yet to be accepted fact that reflexes execute muscle memories that may likewise be improved. The apparatus generates movements, perturbations, that are applied to the user; thereby stimulating reflex sensory neurons, effectuating stabilization reflexes, executing reflex muscle memories, and contracting muscles that countervail the apparatus perturbations. The perturbations and thereby the execution of the muscle memories is repeated over a protracted period and practiced multiple times per second. Practice improves the performance of the stabilization reflexes thereby restoring stabilization.

Abstract: A neuromuscular plasticity apparatus is utilized to exercise a stretch reflex circuit which can reduce tremors and improve balance. The apparatus drives a user's extremity at a frequency to emulate the tremor. An apparatus includes a user interface that may be driven in a rotational and/or linear motion by an electric motor. The user interface may rotate about a rotational axis by a coupler bit that is interchangeable to change the offset distance. The motion may be set to substantially the same as the tremor frequency. A user engages with the user interface to drive an extremity, such as an arm, leg or head to reduce the severity of the tremor and/or improve balance. Muscle tone is improved and tremor is suppressed for a protracted period. The apparatus may be used to exercise and improve balance reflex circuits, the principle difference being the sensory neurons that are stimulated.

Abstract: A portable motion control apparatus drives a user's extremity emulating the user's tremor. The driving motion entrains the tremor motion and stretches muscles evoking stretch reflexes in agonist and antagonist muscles used to maintain muscle tone. The motion applies a heightened and coordinated demand on the neuromuscular components of multiple stretch reflex circuits thereby effectuating neuromuscular plasticity; the retention of neuromuscular changes made to meet the heightened demands. Muscle tone is improved and tremor is suppressed for a protracted period.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that validates client messages for compliance with communication protocol specifications and the data content requirements of a computer system. The system builds and uses data filters that validate client message communication protocol. Data content is validated by comparing the outputs of two computers running functionally equivalent software and receiving the same input. One computer is an uncontrolled client system and the other is a controlled system that resides between the client system and the computer system being protected.