Abstract: A method and a device for monitoring the drive motors for each pair of coaxial wheels of a railway traction system, including cyclically measuring representative quantities of the mechanical torque temporarily developed by the motors, comparing such quantities, and disconnecting both motors from the electric power supply whenever the result of the comparison shows a difference greater than a previously established value. Disclosed also is a method of cyclically memorizing the temporary value of a parameter of each motor, commanding a variation of such parameter by a small pre-established quantity, calculating the value that such controlled parameter should reach as a result of such variation, comparing the result of the calculation with the effective value reached, and disconnecting the power supply to the motor whenever the result of such comparison is not equal to or less than a pre-established quantity.