Abstract: A system or method of analyzing a conductive member for the presence an anomaly. A test source signal is applied to a first test location on the elongate conductive member remote from the corrosion to cause the test source signal to travel along the pipe through the anomaly. At least one test return signal caused by the test source signal traveling through the anomaly is detected. The at least one test return signal for characteristics associated with the anomaly. Optionally, a perturbation may be applied to the elongate conductive member to place the conductive member in a perturbed state in which the electromagnetic characteristics of the conductive member at the anomaly are altered. The test source signal is applied to the first test location when the conductive member is in the perturbed stated.

Abstract: A system or method of analyzing a conductive member for the presence an anomaly. A test source signal is applied to a first test location on the elongate conductive member remote from the corrosion to cause the test source signal to travel along the pipe through the anomaly. At least one test return signal caused by the test source signal traveling through the anomaly is detected. The at least one test return signal for characteristics associated with the anomaly. Optionally, a perturbation may be applied to the elongate conductive member to place the conductive member in a perturbed state in which the electromagnetic characteristics of the conductive member at the anomaly are altered. The test source signal is applied to the first test location when the conductive member is in the perturbed stated.

Abstract: A method of determining an anomaly in a pipe system. The pipe system comprises a pipe, insulation around the pipe, and shielding around the insulation. An electrical pulse is applied to a test location on the pipe remote from the anomaly to cause an applied signal to travel along the pipe through the anomaly. At least one reflected signal caused by the applied signal traveling through the anomaly is detected. The at least one reflected signal is analyzed for characteristics associated with the anomaly.

Abstract: A system for analyzing a large number of biological specimens, where the specimens are positioned in a rotatably mounted disc at receiving locations. Two electromagnetic transmitters are positioned to direct electromagnetic waves from lasers to a monitoring location to contact selected specimens and thus form a modified wave resulting from contact with said specimens. The modified wave is transmitted to an analyzing section.